ভাষা নিয়ন্ত্রক সংস্থার তালিকা
এটি একটি ভাষা নিয়ন্ত্রক সংস্থার তালিকা যা মান্য ভাষা নিয়ন্ত্রণ করে এবং যাকে প্রায়ই বলা হয় ভাষা অ্যাকাডেমি। ভাষার ক্ষেত্রে অ্যাকাডেমি বলতে এমন একটি সংস্থাকে বোঝায় যা কোন ভাষাকে অ্যাকাডেমির চোখে বহিঃস্থ বিরূপ প্রভাব থেকে রক্ষার চেষ্টা করে, ভাষার ব্যবহারের উৎকর্ষ ধরে রাখতে চেষ্টা করে এবং ব্যাকরণ, অভিধান,[1] এবং অন্যান্য নির্দেশিকা রচনার মাধ্যমে ভাষাতে নিয়ম আনার চেষ্টা করে। ১৬শ শতক থেকে ভাষা অ্যাকাডেমিগুলি গড়ে উঠতে শুরু করে। এদের মধ্যে সবচেয়ে বিখ্যাত হল ফরাসি ভাষার জন্য প্রতিষ্ঠিত আকাদেমি ফ্রঁসেজ। ফ্রান্সের বাইরে স্পেন, সুইডেন, হাঙ্গেরি, বাংলাদেশ এবং আরও বহু দেশে ভাষার জন্য অ্যাকাডেমি গড়ে উঠেছে, তবে ইংরেজি ভাষার জন্য প্রধান ইংরেজিভাষী দেশগুলিতে এরকম কোন অ্যাকাডেমি নেই।
প্রাকৃতিক ভাষাসমূহ
| ভাষা | এলাকা | নিয়ন্ত্রক |
|---|---|---|
| Afrikaans |  |
Die Taalkommissie |
| Akan |  |
Akan Orthography Committee (AOC) |
| Albanian |   |
Academy of Sciences of Albania, Tirana |
| Arabic |           |
Academy of the Arabic Language (مجمع اللغة العربية) Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, Somalia, Syria, Tunisia, Sudan Academy of the Arabic Language, Israel (مجمع اللغة العربية) Arabic Language International Council |
| Aragonese |  |
Academia de l'Aragonés, Aragon, Spain |
| Armenian |  |
Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Հայաստան) |
| Assamese |  |
Asam Sahitya Sabha (অসম সাহিত্য সভা) |
| Asturian |  |
Academy of the Asturian Language (Academia de la Llingua Asturiana) |
| Azerbaijani |   |
Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences |
| বাংলা (বাঙালি) |  |
বাংলা একাডেমি, ঢাকা |
|
পশ্চিমবঙ্গ বাংলা আকাদেমি, কলকাতা, পশ্চিমবঙ্গ | |
| Basque |    |
Euskaltzaindia, often translated as Royal Academy of the Basque language |
| Belarusian |  |
The Jakub Kolas and Janka Kupala Institute of Language and Literature[2] at the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus |
| Bosnian |   |
University of Sarajevo |
| Berber or Tamazight | |
Royal Institute of Amazight Culture (IRCAM) |
|
Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité (HCA) | |
| Bulgarian |  |
Institute for Bulgarian Language at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences |
| Burmese |  |
Myanmar Language Commission |
| Cantonese |   |
Official Language Division, Civil Service Bureau, Government of Hong Kong |
| Catalan |  |
Institute of Catalan Studies (Institut d'Estudis Catalans) |
.svg.png){kind=small} |
Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (for the Valencian standard) | |
| Cebuano |  |
Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters (Akademyang Bisaya) |
| Cherokee |  |
Council of the Cherokee Nation (ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ) |
| Standard Chinese |  |
State Language Work Committee (国家语言文字工作委员会) |
 |
National Languages Committee (國語推行委員會) | |
 |
Promote Mandarin Council (讲华语运动理事会) | |
 |
Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia (马来西亚华语规范理事会) | |
| Cornish |  |
Cornish Language Partnership (Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek) |
| Croatian |  |
Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics (Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje) |
| Czech |  |
Institute of the Czech Language (of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) (Ústav pro jazyk český (Akademie věd České republiky)) |
| Danish |  |
Dansk Sprognævn (Danish Language Council) |
| Dalecarlian |  |
Ulum Dalska |
| Dari |  |
Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan |
| Divehi |  |
Dhivehi Academy |
| Dutch |  .svg.png){kind=small}  |
Nederlandse Taalunie (Dutch Language Union) |
| Dzongkha |  |
Dzongkha Development Commission (རྫོང་ཁ་གོང་འཕེལ་ལྷན་ཚོགས) |
| Estonian |  |
Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond (Language Board at the Mother Tongue Society) sets rules and standards, authoritative advice is given by the Institute of the Estonian Language (Eesti Keele Instituut) |
| Faroese |  |
Faroese Language Council (Málráðið) |
| Filipino | |
Commission on the Filipino Language (Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino) |
| Finnish |  |
Research Institute for the Languages of Finland |
| French | |
Académie française (French Academy) |
 |
Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec Office of the French Language) | |
| Galician |  |
Royal Galician Academy (Real Academia Galega) |
| German |       |
Council for German Orthography (Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung) |
| Greenlandic |  |
The Greenland Language Secretariat (Oqaasileriffik) |
| Greek |   |
Center for the Greek language (Κέντρον Ελληνικής Γλώσσας) |
| Guarani |  |
Guarani Language Academy (Guarani Ñe’ ẽ Rerekuapavẽ) |
| Haitian Creole |  |
Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen (Haitian Creole Academy) |
| Hebrew | |
Academy of the Hebrew Language (האקדמיה ללשון העברית) |
| Hindi | |
Central Hindi Directorate (regulates use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India) |
| Hmar | |
Hmar Literature Society (Manipur, India) |
| Hungarian |  |
Research Institute for Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Nyelvtudományi Intézete) |
| Icelandic |  |
Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies |
| Igbo |  |
Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture |
| Indonesian |  |
Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |
| Irish |   |
Foras na Gaeilge |
| Italian |    |
Accademia della Crusca (Academy of the bran) |
| Japanese |  |
No official centralized regulation, but de facto regulations by Agency for Cultural Affairs (文化庁) at the Ministry of Education of Japan (文部科学省) |
| Kannada | |
Various academies and Government of Karnataka |
| Kashubian |  |
Commission of the Kashubian Language |
| Kazakh |  |
Ministry of Culture of Kazakhstan |
| Khmer |  |
Ministry of culture and fine arts of Cambodia |
| Korean |  |
National Institute of the Korean Language (국립국어원) |
| Kven |  |
Kainun institutti – kvensk institutt |
| Kyrgyz |  |
National Committee for State Language under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic (Кыргыз Республикасынын Президентине караштуу Мамлекеттик тил боюнча улуттук комиссия) |
| Latin | |
Pontifical Academy for Latin (Pontificia Academia Latinitatis) (Latin in the Roman Catholic Church)[3] |
| International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy: botanical Latin) | ||
| International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: zoological Latin) | ||
| Latvian |  |
Latvian State Language Center (Valsts Valodas Centrs) |
| Lithuanian |  |
Commission of the Lithuanian Language (Valstybinė lietuvių kalbos komisija) |
| Lusoga |  |
Lusoga Language Authority (LULA) |
| Macedonian |  |
Macedonian Language Institute "Krste Misirkov" (Институт за македонски јазик "Крсте Мисирков", Institut za makedonski jazik "Krste Misirkov") |
| Malay |  |
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (The Institute of Language and Literature) |
| Malayalam | |
Kerala Sahitya Akademi (കേരള സാഹിത്യ പരിശീലന സ്ഥാപനം) and Government of Kerala |
| Maltese |  |
National Council for the Maltese Language (www.kunsilltalmalti.gov.mt) |
| Manx |  |
Coonceil ny Gaelgey |
| Māori |  |
Māori Language Commission |
| Mirandese |  |
Anstituto de la Lhéngua Mirandesa (Institute of the Mirandese Language) |
| Mixtec |  |
Academy of the Mixtec Language (Ve'e Tu'un Sávi) |
| Mongolian |  |
Council of the official state language (Төрийн хэлний зөвлөл). Decisions have to be confirmed by the Mongolian government.[4] |
| Nepali |  |
Language Academy of Nepal |
| Norwegian Bokmål Norwegian Nynorsk |
|
Norwegian Language Council |
| Occitan |   |
Lo Congrès Permanent de la lenga occitana (the permanent congress of occitan language) |
| Pashto | |
Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan |
 |
Pashto Academy | |
| Persian |   |
Academy of Persian Language and Literature (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی) |
| Polish | |
Polish Language Council (Rada Języka Polskiego) |
| Portuguese | |
Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Classe de Letras |
 |
Academia Brasileira de Letras (Brazilian Literary Academy) | |
|
Galician Academy of the Portuguese Language (Academia Galega da Lingua Portuguesa) | |
| Quechua |  |
High Academy of the Quechua Language (Qheswa simi hamut'ana kuraq suntur) |
| Romanian |  |
Institutul de Lingvisticǎ al Academiei Române (Institute for Linguistics of the Romanian Academy) |
 |
Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei | |
| Russian |  |
Russian Academy (1783–1841) |
|
Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 1944) | |
| Scots |  |
The Scots Language Centre supports the Scots language.[5] Scottish Language Dictionaries record and analyse the language as it is spoken and written throughout Scotland and Ulster today.[6] |
| Secwepemctsín |  |
Stk'wemiple7s re Secwepemctsin, are the group of people supported by the Secwepemc Cultural Education Society who develop new words. |
| Serbian and Montenegrin |   |
Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language |
| Sindhi | |
Sindhi Language Authority |
| Sinhala |  |
Hela Havula (හෙළ හවුල) |
| Slovak |  |
Ľudovít Štúr Institute of Linguistics (Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra) at Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied) |
| Slovene |  |
Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts |
| Somali |   |
Regional Somali Language Academy |
| Sorbian | |
Serbski institut |
| Spanish |                   |
Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (constituted by the Real Academia Española plus 22 other separate national academies in the Spanish-speaking world) |
| Swahili |  |
Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa |
 |
Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa | |
| Swedish | |
Swedish Language Council (semi-official) Swedish Academy |
|
Swedish Language Department of the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland (Svenska språkbyrån) | |
| Tamil | |
Thanjavur Tamil University and Official Language Commission of Government of Tamil Nadu |
|
Department of Official Languages, Sri Lanka | |
| Tatar |  |
Institute of Language, Literature and Arts of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan |
| Telugu | |
Telugu Academy and Official Language Commission of Government of Andhra Pradesh |
| Tetum |  |
National Institute of Linguistics at the National University of East Timor |
| Thai |  |
Royal Society of Thailand (ราชบัณฑิตยสภา) |
| Turkish |  |
Turkish Language Association |
| Ukrainian |  |
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Urdu | |
National Language Authority, Pakistan |
|
National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, India | |
| Urhobo | |
Urhobo Studies Association |
| Võro | |
Võro Institute |
| Waray | |
Sanghiran san Binisaya ha Samar ug Leyte (Academy of the Visayan Language of Samar and Leyte) defunct |
| Welsh | .svg.png){kind=small} |
Welsh Language Commissioner (Meri Huws) — The Welsh Government (previously the Welsh Language Board Bwrdd yr Iaith Gymraeg)(Principally, however, the role of the Welsh Language Commissioner is that of language planning and policy regulator and enforcer. The role also includes corpus planning.) |
| West Frisian |  |
Fryske Akademy (Frisian Academy) |
| Wolof |  |
Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar (Center of Applied Linguistics of Dakar at the Cheikh Anta Diop University) |
| Yiddish | |
YIVO |
| Yoruba | |
Yoruba Academy |
সহায়ক ভাষাসমূহ
আন্তর্জাতিক সহায়ক ভাষাসমূহ
| ভাষা | নিয়ন্ত্রক |
|---|---|
| Esperanto | Akademio de Esperanto |
| Ido | Uniono por la Linguo Internaciona Ido |
| Lojban | Logical Language Group |
| Volapük | Kadäm Volapüka |
অন্যান্য নির্মাণ ভাষাসমূহ
| ভাষা | নিয়ন্ত্রক |
|---|---|
| Klingon | Marc Okrand |
| Talossan | Comità per l'Útzil del Glheþ |
আরও দেখুন
- Language policy
- Language revival
- Language planning
- Linguistic purism
- Languages in censuses
তথ্যসূত্র
- Thomas, George (1991) Linguistic purism p.108, quotation:
Whereas a number of the puristically motivated language societies have assumed de facto responsibility for language cultivation, the decisions of the academies have often had the force of law. ... Since academies are so closely associated with the notion of purism, a brief word on their history may not be out of place. The first academy to deal expressly and exclusively with language matters was the Accademia della Crusca ... Its orientation was essentially conservative, favouring a return to the Tuscan language as cultivated in the fourteenth century over the innovations of contemporary renaissance poets such as Torquato Tasso. ... One of its first tasks -- as with so many academies to follow -- was to produce a large-scale prescriptive dictionary of Italian
- "Organizations Attached to the Department of Humanitarian Sciences and Arts"। National Academy of Sciences of Belarus। ১৩ এপ্রিল ২০১২ তারিখে মূল থেকে আর্কাইভ করা। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ৮ জুন ২০১২।
Field of Activities: ... compilation of the Belarusian language dictionaries including Belarusian – the other Slavonic languages and the other Slavonic languages – Belarusian dictionaries; ...
- "Pontificia Academia Latinitatis" (লাতিন ভাষায়)। Vatican.va। ২০১২-১১-১০। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৩-০৮-১৯।
- "Хуулийн нэгдсэн портал сайт"। Legalinfo.mn (মঙ্গোলিয় ভাষায়)। ২০১৫-০৯-১৪ তারিখে মূল থেকে আর্কাইভ করা। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৭-০১-২৬।
- "Scots Language Centre"। Scotslanguage.com। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৫-০৮-১১।
- "Scottish Language Dictionaries - Home"। Scotsdictionaries.org.uk। ২০১৫-০৮-০৩। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৫-০৮-১১।
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