সেলযুক সাম্রাজ্য

	Faravahar background
History of Greater Iran
	Until the rise of modern nation-states
Pre-modern
Prehistory
Proto-Elamite civilization	3200–2800 BC
Elamite dynasties	2800–550 BC
Bactria-Margiana Complex	2200–1700 BC
Kingdom of Mannai	10th–7th century BC
Median Empire	728 –550 BC
Scythian Kingdom	652–625 BC
Achaemenid Empire	550–330 BC
Seleucid Empire	330–150 BC
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom	250-125 BC
Parthian Empire	248–BC 224
	CE
Kushan Empire	30–275
Sassanid Empire	224–651
Afrighid dynasty	305–995
Hephthalite Empire	425–557
Kabul Shahi kingdom	565–879
Dabuyid dynasty	642–760
Kingdom of Alania	8th-9th century–1238/1239
Patriarchal Caliphate	637–651
Umayyad Caliphate	661–750
Abbasid Caliphate	750–1258
Tahirid dynasty	821–873
Zaydis of Tabaristan	864–928
Saffarid dynasty	861–1003
Samanid dynasty	819–999
Ziyarid dynasty	928–1043
Buyid dynasty	934–1055
Ghaznavid Empire	975–1187
Ghurid dynasty	1149–1212
Seljuq Empire	1037–1194
Khwarazmian dynasty	1077–1231
Ilkhanate	1256–353
Kartids dynasty	1231–389
Muzaffarid dynasty	1314–1393
Chupanid dynasty	1337–1357
Jalayerid dynasty	1339–1432
Timurid Empire	1370–1506
Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans	1407–1468
Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans	1378–1508
Safavid Empire	1501–1722
Mughal Empire	1526–1857
Hotaki dynasty	1722–1729
Afsharid dynasty	1736–1750
Zand Dynasty	1750–1794
Durrani Empire	1794–1826
Qajar Dynasty	1794–1925

সেলযুক সাম্রাজ্য
	সেলযুক সাম্রাজ্য
	তুর্কী: Büyük Selçuklu Devleti; ফার্সি: سلجوقيان ‎‎ Salcūqiyān;
	সাম্রাজ্য
	; রাজকীয় প্রতীক
	Seljuk Empire অবস্থান মালিক শাহর মৃত্যুর সময় (১০৯২ সাল) সেলযুক সাম্রাজ্য
রাজধানী	নিশাপুর; (১০৩৭–১০৪৩); রে (ইরাক); (১০৪৩–১০৫১); এসফাহন; (১০৫১–১১১৮); হামাদান, পশ্চিম প্রান্তের রাজধানী (১১১৮–১১৯৪); মার্ভ, পূর্ব প্রান্তের রাজধানী (১১১৮–১১৫৩)
ভাষাসমূহ	ফার্সি (আইন ও দাপ্তরিক)[1][2][3]; তুর্কি ওঘুজ[3][4] (রাজকীয় ও সামরিক); আরবি (ধর্মীয় শিক্ষার ভাষা[1][3]);
সরকার	রাজতন্ত্র
	সুলতান
ইতিহাস
	আয়তন
পূর্বসূরী	উত্তরসূরী
	Oghuz Yabgu State
	Ghaznavid Empire
	Buyid dynasty
	Byzantine Empire
	Kakuyids
Sultanate of Rûm
Anatolian beyliks
Ghurid Dynasty
Khwarezmian Empire
Ayyubid dynasty
Atabegs of Azerbaijan
Burid dynasty
Zengid dynasty
Danishmends
Artuqid dynasty
Saltukids
বর্তমানে অংশ	Countries today Afghanistan ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Egypt ; Georgia ; Iran ; Iraq ; Israel ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kuwait ; Kyrgyzstan ; Lebanon ; Nagorno-Karabakh ; Oman ; Palestinian Authority; Russia ; Saudi Arabia ; Syria ; Tajikistan ; Turkey ; Turkmenistan ; UAE ; Uzbekistan ; Yemen ;

সেলজুক (বা মহান সেলজুক সাম্রাজ্য[13] অথবা সেল্ডজুক কখনো সেলজুক তুর্ক; তুর্কী ভাষায়: Selçuklular; ফার্সি ভাষায়: سلجوقيان সেলজুকাইন; আরবি ভাষায়: سلجوق সালজুক বা السلاجقة আল-সালাজিকা) সুন্নী মুসলমান সাম্রাজ্য যারা ১০ শতক থেকে ১৪ শতক পর্যন্ত মধ্য এশিয়া এবং মধ্য প্রাচ্য শাসন করেছেন। এই মহান সাম্রাজ্যের স্থপতি সুলতান তুঘরিল বেগ । তিনি জাতিতে অঘুজ তুর্কি ছিলেন।[14] সুলতান মালিক বেগ এর শাসনকালে এই সাম্রাজ্য অর্ধ-পৃথিবী পর্যন্ত বিস্তৃত ছিলো। এর পরবর্তীতে এই সাম্রাজ্য ভেঙ্গে ছোট ছোট আমিরাতে পরিণত হয়। এবং পরবর্তীতে মোঘল সাম্রাজ্যএই সাম্রাজ্যের উত্তরসূরি।

History of the Turkic peoples History of the Turkic peoples Pre-14th century
Turkic Khaganate 552–744
Western Turkic
Eastern Turkic
Avar Khaganate 564–804
Khazar Khaganate 618–1048
Xueyantuo 628–646
Great Bulgaria 632–668
Danube Bulgaria
Volga Bulgaria
Kangar union 659–750
Turgesh Khaganate 699–766
Uyghur Khaganate 744–840
Karluk Yabgu State 756–940
Kara-Khanid Khanate 840–1212
Western Kara-Khanid
Eastern Kara-Khanid
Gansu Uyghur Kingdom 848–1036
Kingdom of Qocho 856–1335
Pecheneg Khanates 860–1091	Kimek Khanate 743–1035
Cumania 1067–1239	Oghuz Yabgu State 750–1055

Shatuo dynasties 923–979
Later Tang
Later Jin
Later Han (Northern Han)
Ghaznavid Empire 963–1186
Seljuk Empire 1037–1194
Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
Khwarazmian Empire 1077–1231
Delhi Sultanate 1206–1526
Mamluk dynasty
Khilji dynasty
Tughlaq dynasty
Golden Horde \| [10][11][12] 1240s–1502
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 1250–1517
Bahri dynasty
Other Turkic dynasties in Anatolia Artuqid dynasty Saltuqid dynasty in Azerbaijan Ahmadili dynasty Ildenizid dynasty in Egypt Tulunid dynasty Ikhshidid dynasty in Fars Salghurid dynasty in The Levant Burid dynasty Zengid dynasty in Yemen Rasulid dynasty

সেলজুক সাম্রাজ্যের শাসকরা

তথ্যসূত্র

Savory, R. M., সম্পাদক (১৯৭৬)। Introduction to Islamic Civilisation। Cambridge University Press। পৃষ্ঠা 82। আইএসবিএন 0-521-20777-0।
Black, Edwin (২০০৪)। Banking on Baghdad: Inside Iraq's 7,000-year History of War, Profit and Conflict। John Wiley and Sons। পৃষ্ঠা 38। আইএসবিএন 0-471-67186-X।
C.E. Bosworth, "Turkish Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkish must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time)."
Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, Ed. Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie, (Elsevier Ltd., 2009), 1110; "Oghuz Turkic is first represented by Old Anatolian Turkish which was a subordinate written medium until the end of the Seljuk rule."
A New General Biographical Dictionary, Vol.2, Ed. Hugh James Rose, (London, 1853), 214.
Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1988), 167.
Grousset, Rene (১৯৮৮)। The Empire of the Steppes। New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press। পৃষ্ঠা 159, 161। আইএসবিএন 0-8135-0627-1। In 1194, Togrul III would succumb to the onslaught of the Khwarizmian Turks, who were destined at last to succeed the Seljuks to the empire of the Middle East.
Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (ডিসেম্বর ২০০৬)। "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires"। Journal of world-systems research। 12 (2): 223। আইএসএসএন 1076-156X। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ১৩ সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১৬।
Rein Taagepera (সেপ্টেম্বর ১৯৯৭)। "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia"। International Studies Quarterly। 41 (3): 496। doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ১৩ সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১৬।
Marshall Cavendish Corporation (২০০৬)। Peoples of Western Asia। পৃষ্ঠা 364।
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (২০০৭)। Historic Cities of the Islamic World। পৃষ্ঠা 280।
Borrero, Mauricio (২০০৯)। Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present। পৃষ্ঠা 162।
- A. C. S. Peacock, Great Seljuk Empire, (Edinburgh University Press, 2015), 1–378
- Christian Lange; Songül Mecit, eds., Seljuqs: Politics, Society and Culture (Edinburgh University Press, 2012), 1–328
- P.M. Holt; Ann K.S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis, The Cambridge History of Islam (Volume IA): The Central Islamic Lands from Pre-Islamic Times to the First World War, (Cambridge University Press, 1977), 151, 231–234
- Jackson, P. (২০০২)। "Review: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens"। Journal of Islamic Studies। Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies। 13 (1): 75–76। doi:10.1093/jis/13.1.75।
- Bosworth, C. E. (2001). 0Notes on Some Turkish Names in Abu 'l-Fadl Bayhaqi's Tarikh-i Mas'udi". Oriens, Vol. 36, 2001 (2001), pp. 299–313.
- Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).
- Hancock, I. (2006). On Romani origins and identity. The Romani Archives and Documentation Center. The University of Texas at Austin.
- Asimov, M. S., Bosworth, C. E. (eds.). (1998). History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: "The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century", Part One: "The Historical, Social and Economic Setting". Multiple History Series. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
- Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).

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[ReferenceA-1] Savory, R. M., সম্পাদক (১৯৭৬)। Introduction to Islamic Civilisation। Cambridge University Press। পৃষ্ঠা 82। আইএসবিএন 0-521-20777-0।

[2] Black, Edwin (২০০৪)। Banking on Baghdad: Inside Iraq's 7,000-year History of War, Profit and Conflict। John Wiley and Sons। পৃষ্ঠা 38। আইএসবিএন 0-471-67186-X।

[Bosworth-3] C.E. Bosworth, "Turkish Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkish must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time)."

[4] Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, Ed. Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie, (Elsevier Ltd., 2009), 1110; "Oghuz Turkic is first represented by Old Anatolian Turkish which was a subordinate written medium until the end of the Seljuk rule."

[5] A New General Biographical Dictionary, Vol.2, Ed. Hugh James Rose, (London, 1853), 214.

[6] Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1988), 167.

[7] Grousset, Rene (১৯৮৮)। The Empire of the Steppes। New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press। পৃষ্ঠা 159, 161। আইএসবিএন 0-8135-0627-1। In 1194, Togrul III would succumb to the onslaught of the Khwarizmian Turks, who were destined at last to succeed the Seljuks to the empire of the Middle East.

[8] Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (ডিসেম্বর ২০০৬)। "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires"। Journal of world-systems research। 12 (2): 223। আইএসএসএন 1076-156X। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ১৩ সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১৬।

[9] Rein Taagepera (সেপ্টেম্বর ১৯৯৭)। "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia"। International Studies Quarterly। 41 (3): 496। doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ১৩ সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১৬।

[10] Marshall Cavendish Corporation (২০০৬)। Peoples of Western Asia। পৃষ্ঠা 364।

[11] Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (২০০৭)। Historic Cities of the Islamic World। পৃষ্ঠা 280।

[12] Borrero, Mauricio (২০০৯)। Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present। পৃষ্ঠা 162।

[13] A. C. S. Peacock, Great Seljuk Empire, (Edinburgh University Press, 2015), 1–378

Christian Lange; Songül Mecit, eds., Seljuqs: Politics, Society and Culture (Edinburgh University Press, 2012), 1–328

P.M. Holt; Ann K.S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis, The Cambridge History of Islam (Volume IA): The Central Islamic Lands from Pre-Islamic Times to the First World War, (Cambridge University Press, 1977), 151, 231–234

[14] A. C. S. Peacock, Great Seljuk Empire, (Edinburgh University Press, 2015), 1–378

[15] Christian Lange; Songül Mecit, eds., Seljuqs: Politics, Society and Culture (Edinburgh University Press, 2012), 1–328

[16] P.M. Holt; Ann K.S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis, The Cambridge History of Islam (Volume IA): The Central Islamic Lands from Pre-Islamic Times to the First World War, (Cambridge University Press, 1977), 151, 231–234

[14] Jackson, P. (২০০২)। "Review: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens"। Journal of Islamic Studies। Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies। 13 (1): 75–76। doi:10.1093/jis/13.1.75।

Bosworth, C. E. (2001). 0Notes on Some Turkish Names in Abu 'l-Fadl Bayhaqi's Tarikh-i Mas'udi". Oriens, Vol. 36, 2001 (2001), pp. 299–313.

Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).

Hancock, I. (2006). On Romani origins and identity. The Romani Archives and Documentation Center. The University of Texas at Austin.

Asimov, M. S., Bosworth, C. E. (eds.). (1998). History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: "The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century", Part One: "The Historical, Social and Economic Setting". Multiple History Series. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.

Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).

[18] Jackson, P. (২০০২)। "Review: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens"। Journal of Islamic Studies। Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies। 13 (1): 75–76। doi:10.1093/jis/13.1.75।

[19] Bosworth, C. E. (2001). 0Notes on Some Turkish Names in Abu 'l-Fadl Bayhaqi's Tarikh-i Mas'udi". Oriens, Vol. 36, 2001 (2001), pp. 299–313.

[20] Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).

[21] Hancock, I. (2006). On Romani origins and identity. The Romani Archives and Documentation Center. The University of Texas at Austin.

[22] Asimov, M. S., Bosworth, C. E. (eds.). (1998). History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: "The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century", Part One: "The Historical, Social and Economic Setting". Multiple History Series. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.

[23] Dani, A. H., Masson, V. M. (Eds), Asimova, M. S. (Eds), Litvinsky, B. A. (Eds), Boaworth, C. E. (Eds). (1999). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (Pvt. Ltd).