Preface

Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2016 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2016. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data.

The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) notifiable disease reporting from state and local STD programs; (2) projects that monitor STD positivity and prevalence in various settings, including the National Job Training Program, the STD Surveillance Network, and the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project; and (3) other national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations.

The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid, are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the U.S. population. National summary data of case reports for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases.

The collection of information on race/ethnicity has been standardized since 1997 in the United States from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Following a revision in the National Electronic Telecommunication System for Surveillance (NETSS) implementation guide in April 2008, jurisdictions reporting STD data were to collect race according to the OMB standard categories: American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, White, and Multirace. While all states and the District of Columbia collect and report data for all STDs in formats compliant with these standards as of 2016, some jurisdictions only recently adopted this
standard and used previous standards to report their case data to CDC in past years. Consequently, historical trend and rate data by race/ethnicity displayed in figures and interpreted in this report for 2012–2016 include only those jurisdictions reporting in the current standard consistently each year from 2012 through 2016.

Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2016 consists of four sections: the National Profile, the Special Focus Profiles, the Tables, and the Appendix. The National Profile section contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles section contains figures and text that describe STDs in selected populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Tables section provides statistical information about STDs at county, metropolitan statistical area, regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on how to interpret the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, as well as information about Healthy People 2020 STD objectives and progress toward meeting these objectives, Government Performance and Results Act
goals and progress toward meeting these goals, and STD surveillance case definitions.

Any comments and suggestions that would improve future publications are appreciated and should be sent to:

Director, Division of STD Prevention
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-02
Atlanta, Georgia 30329-4027

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