Selected Publications on Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness

Ahmed AH, Nicholson KG, Nguyen-van Tam JS, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in reducing hospital admissions during the 1989-90 epidemic. Epidemiol Infect 1997; 118:27-33.

Arden NH, Patriarca PA, and Kendal AP. Options for the Control of Influenza: Experiences in the use and efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine in nursing homes. UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology 1985; 36: 155-168. Print.

Ashkenazi S, Vertruyen A, Arístegui J, et al. Superior relative efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine compared with inactivated influenza vaccine in young children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25(10):870-9.

Barker WH. Excess pneumonia and influenza associated hospitalization during influenza epidemics in the United States. Am. J Public Health 1986; 76:761-5.

Barker WH, Mullooly JP. Influenza vaccination of elderly persons: reduction in pneumonia and influenza hospitalizations and deaths. JAMA 1980; 244(22): 2547-9.

Bateman AC, Kieke BA, Irving SA, et al. Effectiveness of monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza A virus subtype H1N1 and 2010-2011 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines in Wisconsin during the 2010-2011influenza season. J Infect Dis. 2013 Apr 15;207(8):1262-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit020. Epub 2013 Jan 22.

Baxter, Roger et al. Effect of influenza vaccination on hospitalizations in persons aged 50 years and older. Vaccine 2010; 28: 7267-7272.

Belshe RB, Mendelman PM, Treanor, et al. The efficacy of live attenuated, cold-adapted, trivalent, intranasal influenza virus vaccine in children. N Engl J Med. 1998; 338(20):1405-12.

Belshe RB, Gruber WC. Prevention of otitis media in children with live attenuated influenza vaccine given intranasally. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000; 19(5 Suppl):S66-71.

Belshe RB, Edwards KM, Vesikari T, et al. Comparative Efficacy Study Group. Live attenuated versus inactivated influenza vaccine in infants and young children. N Engl J Med. 2007; 356(7):685-96.

Belongia EA, Sundaram ME, McClure DL, et al. Waning vaccine protection against influenza A (H3N2) illness in children and older adults during a single season. Vaccine. 2014 Jun 21. pii:S0264-410X(14)00853-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.052. PubMed PMID: 24962752.

Belongia EA, Kieke BA, Donahue JG,et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Wisconsin during the 2007-08 season: comparison of interim and final results. Vaccine. 2011 Sep 2;29(38):6558-63. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.002. Epub 2011Jul 19. PubMed PMID: 21767593.

Belongia EA, Kieke BA, Donahue JG, et al. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccines varied substantially with antigenic match from the 2004-2005 season to the 2006-2007 season. J Infect Dis. 2009 Jan 15;199(2):159-67. doi:10.1086/595861. PubMed PMID: 19086915.

Benowitz I, Esposito DB, Gracey KD, et al. Influenza vaccine given to pregnant women reduces hospitalization due to influenza in their infants. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 51(12):1355-61.

Beran J, Vesikari T, Wertzova V, et al. Efficacy of inactivated split-virus influenza vaccine against culture-confirmed influenza in healthy adults: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Infect Dis 2009; 200(12):1861-9.

Bragstad K, Emborg HD, Fischer TK, et al. Low vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) virus among elderly people in Denmark in 2012/13-A rapid epidemiological and virological assessment. Eurosurveillance 2013; 18(6).

Bridges CB, Thompson WW, Meltzer MI, et al. Effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccination of healthy working adults: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000; 284(13):1655-63.

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Castilla J, Martínez-Baz I, Navascués A, et al. Vaccine effectiveness in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in Navarre,Spain: 2013/14 mid-season analysis. Euro Surveill. 2014 Feb 13;19(6). pii: 20700.PubMed PMID: 24556347.

Castilla J, Martinez-Baz I, Martinez-Artola V, et al. Decline in influenza vaccine effectiveness with time after vaccination, Navarre, Spain, Season 2011/12. Eurosurveillance 2013; 18(5).

Castilla J, Godoy P, Domínguez A, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing outpatient, inpatient, and severe cases oflaboratory-confirmed influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Jul;57(2):167-75. doi:10.1093/cid/cit194. Epub 2013 Mar 26. PubMed PMID: 23532475.

Castilla J, Martinez-Baz I, Martinez-Artola V,et al.Early estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in Navarre, Spain: 2012/13 mid-season analysis. Euro Surveill. 2013 Feb 14;18(7):2.

Castilla J, Morán J, Martínez-Artola V, et al.  Effectiveness of the monovalent influenza A(H1N1)2009 vaccine in Navarre, Spain, 2009-2010: cohort and case-control study. Vaccine. 2011 Aug 11;29(35):5919-24. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.063. Epub 2011 Jun 30.

Castilla J, Moran J, Martinez-Artola V, et al. Effectiveness of trivalent seasonal and monovalent influenza A(H1N1)2009 vaccines in population with major chronic conditions of Navarre, Spain: 2010/11 mid-season analysis.Euro Surveill. 2011 Feb 17;16(7). pii: 19799.

Ciszewski A, Bilinska ZT, Brydak LB, et al. Influenza vaccination in secondary prevention from coronary ischaemic events in coronary artery disease: FLUCAD study. Eur Heart J. 2008 Jun; 29(11):1350-8.

Cohen GM, Nettleman MD. Economic impact of influenza vaccination in preschool children. Pediatrics 2000; 106:973.

Colquhoun AJ, Nicholson KG , Botha JL, Raymond NT. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in reducing hospital admissions in people with diabetes. Epidemiol Infect. 1997; 119(3):335-41.

Coleman MS, Fontainesi J, Meltzer MI, et al. Estimating medical practice expenses from administering adult influenza vaccinations. Vaccine 2005; 23(7):915-23.

Dayan GH, Nguyen VH, Debbag R, et al. Cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination in high-risk children in Argentina. Vaccine 2001; 19:4204-13.

De Villiers P, Steel D, Hiemstra L, et al. Efficacy and safety of a live attenuated influenza vaccine in adults 60 years of age and older. Vaccine 2010; 28:228-234.

Darvishian M, Gefenaite G, Turner RM, et al. After adjusting for bias in meta-analysis seasonal influenza vaccine remains effective in community-dwelling elderly. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014 Jul;67(7):734-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.02.009. Epub 2014 Apr 24. Review.

DiazGranados CA, Dunning AJ, Kimmel M, et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):635-45. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1315727.

Domínguez A, Castilla J, Godoy P, et al. Effectiveness of pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccines in preventing pandemic influenza-associated hospitalization. Vaccine. 2012 Aug 17;30(38):5644-50. Epub 2012 Jul 10.

Edmondson W.P., Rothenberg R, White P.W. et al. A Comparison of Subcutaneous, Nasal, and Combined Influenza Vaccination. II. Protection Against Natural Challenge. American Journal of Epidemiology 1971; 93(6):481-486.

Fedson DS, Wajda A, Nicol JP, et al. Clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccination in Manitoba. JAMA 1993; 270:1956-61.

Eisenberg KW, Szilagyi PG, Fairbrother G, et al. Vaccine effectiveness against laboratory confirmed influenza in children 6 to 59 months of age during the 2003–2004 and 2004–2005 influenza seasons. Pediatric s2008; 122: 911–19.

Ferdinands JM, Gargiullo P, Haber M, Moore M, Belongia EA, Shay DK. Inactivated influenza vaccines for prevention of community-acquired pneumonia: the limits of using nonspecific outcomes in vaccine effectiveness studies. Epidemiology. 2013 Jul;24(4):530-7. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182953065.

Ferdinands JM, Olsho LEW, Agan AA, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against life-threatening RT-PCR-confirmed influenza illness in US children, 2010-2012. J Infect Dis. 2014; 210(5):674-683.

Fireman, Bruce et al. "Influenza Vaccination and Mortality: Differentiating Vaccine Effects from Bias." Am J Epidemiol.2009; 170:650-656.

Flannery B, Thaker SN, Clippard J, Monto AS, et al. Interim estimates of 2013-14 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness – United States, February 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Feb 21;63(7):137-42.PubMed PMID: 24553196.

Fleming DM, Crovari P, Wahn U, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of live attenuated cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent, with trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine in children and adolescents with asthma. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006; 25(10):860-9.

Fleming DH, Watson JM, Nicholas S, et al. Study of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly in the epidemic of 1989-90 using a general practice database. Epidemiol Infect 1995; 115:581-9.

Foster DA, Talsma A, Furumoto-Dawson A, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalization for pneumonia in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 136:296-307.

Frey S, Vesikari T, Szymczakiewicz-Multanowska A, et al. Clinical efficacy of cell culture-derived and egg-derived inactivated subunit influenza vaccines in healthy adults. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51: 997–1004.

Gefenaite G, Rahamat-Langendoen J, Ambrozaitis A, et al. Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza in 2012-2013: a hospital-based case-control study in Lithuania. Vaccine. 2014 Feb 7;32(7):857-63. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.021. Epub 2013 Dec 24.

Gefenaite G, Tacken M, Bos J, et al. Effectiveness of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza vaccine in adults recommended for annual influenza vaccination. PLoSOne. 2013 Jun 20;8(6):e66125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066125. Print 2013.

Govaert TM, Thijs CT, Masurel N, Sprenger MJ, Dinant GJ, Knottnerus JA. The efficacy of influenza vaccination in elderly individuals. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. JAMA1994; 272(21):1661-5.

Graitcer SB, Dube NL, Basurto-Davila R, Smith PF, Ferdinands J, et al. Effects of immunizing school children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine on absenteeism among students and teachers in Maine. Vaccine. 2012 Jul 6;30(32):4835-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.008. Epub 2012May 17. PubMed PMID: 22609012.

Griffin MR, Monto AS, Belongia EA, et al. Effectiveness of non-adjuvanted pandemic influenza A vaccines for preventing pandemic influenza acute respiratory illness visits in 4 U.S. communities. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23085. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023085. Epub 2011 Aug 12. PubMed PMID: 21857999.

Gross PA, Hermogenese AW, Sacks HS, et al. The efficacy of influenza vaccine in elderly persons: A meta-analysis and review of the literature. Ann Intern Med. 1995;123(7):518-27.

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Groenwold RH, Hoes AW, Hak E. Impact of influenza vaccination on mortality risk among the elderly. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jul;34(1):56-62. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00190008. Epub 2009 Feb 12.

Gross PA, Quinnan GV, Rodstein M, et al. Association of influenza immunization with reduction in mortality in an elderly population. A prospective study. Arch Intern Med. 1988; 148(3): 562-5.

Gurfinkel EP, de la Fuente RL. Two-year follow-up of the FLU Vaccination Acute Coronary Syndromes (FLUVACS) Registry. Tex Heart Inst J. 2004; 31(1):28-32.

Hak E, Buskens E, Van Essen GA, et al. Clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccination in persons younger than 65 years with high-risk medical conditions: The PRISMA study. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165:274-80.

Hak E, Verheij TJ, Grobbee DE, et al. Confounding by indication in non-experimental evaluation of vaccine effectiveness: the example of prevention of influenza complications. J Epidemiol Community Health 2002; 56:951-5.

Halperin SA, Smith B, Mabrouk T, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent, inactivated, mammalian cell culture-derived influenza vaccine in healthy adults, seniors, and children. Vaccine 2002; 20(7-8):1240-1247.

Hayward AC, Harling R, Wetten S, et al. Effectiveness of an influenza vaccine programme for care home staff to prevent death, morbidity, and health service use among residents: cluster randomized controlled trial. BMJ 2006; 333(7581):1241.

Heinonen S, Silvennoinen H, Lehtinen P, et al. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in children aged 9 months to 3 years: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; 11: 23–29.

Herrera GA, Iwane MK, Cortese M, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness among 50-64-year-old persons during a season of poor antigenic match between vaccine and circulating influenza virus strains: Colorado, United States, 2003-2004. Vaccine 2007; 25:54-60.

Hoberman A, Greenberg DP, Paradise JL, et al. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing acute otitis media in young children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003; 290(12):1608-16.

Human cases of avian influenza A (H5N1) in North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan, October-November 2007. Wkly Epidemiol Rc 2008; 83:359-64.

Jackson LA, Jackson ML, Nelson JC, et al. Evidence of bias in estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in seniors. Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35:337-44.

Jackson ML, Nelson JC, Weiss NS, et al. Influenza vaccination and risk of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent elderly people: a population-based, nested case-control study. Lancet 2008; 372:398-405.

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Jackson LA, Gaglani MJ, Keyserling HL, et al. Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza vaccine in healthy adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial over two influenza seasons. BMC Infect Dis. 2010; 10:71.

Janjua, N.Z. Estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness for 2007-2008 From Canada's Sentinel Surveillance System: Cross-Protection Against Major and Minor Variants. JID 2012: 1858-1868.

Jain VK, Rivera L, Zaman K, et al. Vaccine for prevention of mild and moderate-to-severe influenza in children. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 26;369(26):2481-91. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1215817. Epub 2013 Dec 11.

Jansen AG, Sanders EA, Hoes AW, et al. Effects of influenza plus pneumococcal conjugate vaccination versus influenza vaccination alone in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Pediatr. 2008 Dec;153(6):764-70. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.060. Epub 2008 Jul 14.

Jimenez-Jorge S, Pozo F, de Mateo S, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Spain 2013/14: subtype-specific early estimates using the cycEVA study. Euro Surveill. 2014 Mar 6;19(9). pii: 20727. PubMed PMID: 24626206.

Jiménez-Jorge S, de Mateo S, Delgado-Sanz C, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza, in the late 2011-2012 season in Spain, among population targeted for vaccination. BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Sep

Jimenez-Jorge S, de Mateo S, Pozo F,et al. Early estimates of the effectiveness of the 2011/12 influenza vaccine in the population targeted for vaccination in Spain, 25 December 2011 to 19 February 2012. Euro Surveill. 2012. Mar 22;17(12). pii: 20129.

Jiménez-Jorge S, Savulescu C, Pozo F, et al. Effectiveness of the 2010-11 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine in Spain:cycEVA study. Vaccine. 2012 May 21;30(24):3595-602. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.048. Epub 2012 Mar 31.

Kelly H, Jacoby P, Dixon GA, et al, and the WAIVE Study Team. Vaccine effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed influenza in healthy young children: a case-control Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J2011; 30: 107–11.

Keren R, Zaoutis TE, Saddlemire S, et al. Direct medical cost of influenza-related hospitalizations in children. Pediatrics 2006; 118:1321–7.

Kissling E et al. "I-Move towards monitoring seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine effectiveness: lessons learnt from a pilot multi-center case-control study in Europe, 2008-9." Euro Surveill.2009; 14(44):1-7.

Kissling E. et al. "I-MOVE Multi-Centre Case Control Study 2010-11: Overall and Stratified Estimates of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe. PLos One 2011; 6(11): 1-11.

Kissling E. et al. Low and decreasing vaccine effectiveness against Influenza A (H3) in 2011-12 among vaccination target groups in Europe: Results from the I-Move Multicentre Case-Control Study. Euro Surveill 2013; 18(5).

Kjos SA, Irving SA, Meece JK, Belongia EA. Elementary school-based influenza vaccination: evaluating impact on respiratory illness absenteeism and laboratory-confirmed influenza. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 26;8(8):e72243. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0072243. eCollection 2013. PubMed PMID: 23991071

Lang PO, Mendes A, Socquet J et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in aging and older adults: comprehensive analysis of the evidence. Clinical Interventions In Aging 2012; 7:55-64.

Luce BR, Zangwill KM, Palmer CS, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of an intranasal influenza vaccine for the prevention of influenza in healthy children. Pediatrics 2001; 108:e24.

Madhi SA, Cutland CL, Kuwanda L, et al. Influenza vaccination of pregnant women and protection of their infants N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 4;371(10):918-31. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1401480.

Martínez-Baz I, Martínez-Artola V, Reina G, et al. Effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine in Navarre, Spain, 2010-2011: a population-based test-negative case-control study. BMC Public Health. 2013 Mar 6;13:191. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-191.

Macintosh V, Tastad k, Eick-Cost A. Mid-season influenza vaccine effectiveness 2011-2012: A Department of Defense global, Laboratory-based, Influenza Surveillance System case-control study estimate. Vaccine 2013; SO264-410X.

Maciosek MV, Solberg LI, Coffield AB, et al. Influenza vaccination health impact and cost effectiveness among adults aged 50 to 64 and 65 and older. Am J Prev Med 2006; 31:72–9.

McLean HQ, Meece JK, Belongia EA. Influenza vaccination and risk of hospitalization among adults with laboratory confirmed influenza illness. Vaccine.2014 Jan 16;32(4):453-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.060. Epub 2013Nov 26. PubMed PMID: 24291201.

McMenamim J, Andrews N, Robertson C, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal 2012/13 vaccine in preventing laboratory-influenza infection in primary care in the United Kingdom: Mid-Season analysis 2012/13. Eurosurveillance 2013; 18(5).

Meltzer MI, Neuzil KM, Griffin MR, et al. An economic analysis of annual influenza vaccination of children. Vaccine 2005; 23:1004-14.

Molinari NA, Ortego Sanchez IR, Messonier M, et al. The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: Measuring disease burden and costs. Vaccine 2007; 25(27):5086-5096.

Monto AS, Hornbuckle K, Ohmit SE. Influenza vaccine effectiveness among elderly nursing home residents: a cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 154(2):155-60.

Monto AS, Ohmit SE, Petrie JG, et al. Comparative efficacy of inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccines. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361(13):1260-7.

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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). Early Estimates of Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness-United States, January 2013. Weekly January 18, 2013; 62(02):32-35.

Mullooly JP, Bennett MD, Hornbrook MC, et al. Influenza vaccination programs for elderly persons: cost-effectiveness in a health maintenance organization. Ann Intern Med 1994; 121:947-52.

Naghavi M, Barlas Z, Siadaty S, et al. Association of Influenza Vaccination and Reduced Risk of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction. Journal of the American Heart Association.2000; 102:3039-3045.

Neuzil KM, Dupont WD, Wright PF, Edwards KM. Efficacy of inactivated and cold-adapted vaccines against influenza A infection, 1985 to 1990: the pediatric experience. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001; 20(8):733-40.

Nichol KL. Cost-benefit analysis of a strategy to vaccinate healthy working adults against influenza. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:749-59.

Nichol KL, Baken L, Nelson A. Relation between influenza vaccination and outpatient visits, hospitalization, and mortality in elderly persons with chronic lung disease. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130:397-403.

Nichol KL, Mallon KP, Mendelman PM. Cost benefit of influenza vaccination in healthy, working adults: an economic analysis based on the results of a clinical trial of trivalent live attenuated influenza virus vaccine. Vaccine 2003; 21:2207-17.

Nichol KL, Margolis J, Poblete S, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalizations and deaths in persons 65 years or older in Minnesota, New York, and Oregon: data from 3 health plans. J Infect Dis. 2001; 184:665-70.

Nichol KL, Mendelman PM, Mallon KP, et al. Effectiveness of live, attenuated intranasal influenza virus vaccine in healthy, working adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 282(2):137-44

Nichol KL, Nordin JD, Nelson DB, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:1373-81.

Nichol KL, Wuorenma J, von Sternberg T. Benefits of influenza vaccination for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk senior citizens. Arch Intern Med. 1998; 158:1769-76.

Nordin J, Mullooly J, Poblese S, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalizations and deaths in persons 65 years or older in Minnesota, New York, and Oregon: data from 3 health plans. J. Infect. Dis 2001; 184:665-70.

Ohmit SE, Petrie JG, Malosh RE, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the community and the household. Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 56(10): 1363-9.

Ohmit SE, Thompson MG, Petrie JG, et al. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the 2011-2012 season: protection against each circulating virus and the effect of prior vaccination on estimates. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Feb;58(3):319-27. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit736. Epub 2013 Nov 13.

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Oshitani H, Saito R, Seki N et al. Influenza Vaccination Levels and Influenza-Like Illness in Long-Term-Care Facilities for Elderly People in Niigata, Japan, During an Influenza A (H3N2) Epidemic. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2000; 21(11):728-730.

Osterholm MT, Kelley NS, Sommer A, Belongia EA. Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012; 12(1):36-44.

Osterholm MT, Kelley NS, Sommer A, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Jan;12(1):36-44. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70295-X. Epub 2011 Oct 25.

Pebody RG, Andrews N, Mcmenamin J, et al. Vaccine effectiveness of 2011/12 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: Evidence of waning intra-seasonal protection. Eurosurveillance 2013; 18(5).

Petrie JG, Ohmit SE, Johnson E, et al. Efficacy Studies of Influenza Vaccines: Effect of End Points Used and Characteristics of Vaccine Failures. JID. 2011; 203(9):1309-1315.

Phrommintikul A, Kuanprasert S, Wongcharoen W,et al. Influenza vaccination reduces cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J. 2011; 32(14):1730-5.

Prosser, L.A. (2012, May 16). Cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccine. Retrieved from the National Influenza Vaccine Summit Website.

Prosser LA, Bridges CB, Uyeki TM, et al. Health benefits, risks, and cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination of children. Emerg Infect Dis 2006; 12:1548–58.

Puig-Barbera J, Arnedo-Pena A, Pardo-Serrano F, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal 2008-2009, 2009-2010 and pandemic vaccines, to prevent influenza hospitalizations during the autumn 2009 influenza pandemic wave in Castellon, Spain: a test-negative, hospital-based, case-control study. Vaccine 2010; 28:7460-7.

Rhorer J, Ambrose CS, Dickinson S, et al. Efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children: A meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials. Vaccine 2009; 27(7):1101-10.

Rivetta D, Jefferson T, Thomas R, et al. Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev 2006; (3):CD004876.

Rondy M, Puig-Barbera J, Launay O, et al. 2011-2012 seasonal influenza vaccines effectiveness against confirmed A(H3N2) influenza hospitalisation: pooled analysis from a European network of hospitals. A pilot study. PLoS One.2013;8(4):e59681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059681. Epub 2013 Apr 2.

Sander B, Kwong JC, Bauch CT, et al. Economic appraisal of Ontario's Universal Influenza Immunization Program: a cost-utility analysis. PLoS Med 2010; 7:1000256.

Savulescu C, Jiménez-Jorge S, Delgado-Sanz C, et al. Higher vaccine effectiveness in seasons with predominant circulation of seasonal influenza A(H1N1) than in A(H3N2) seasons: test-negative case-control studies using surveillance data, Spain, 2003-2011. Vaccine. 2014 Jul 31;32(35):4404-11. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.063. Epub 2014 Jun 23.

Savulescu C, Jiménez-Jorge S, de Mateo S, et al. Using surveillance data to estimate pandemic vaccine effectiveness against laboratory confirmed influenza A(H1N1)2009 infection: two case-control studies, Spain, season 2009-2010. BMC Public Health. 2011 Nov 30;11:899. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-899.
Savulescu C, Jiménez-Jorge S, de Mateo S,et al. Effectiveness of the 2010/11 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine in Spain: preliminary results of a case-control study. Euro Surveill. 2011 Mar 17;16(11). pii: 19820.

Savulescu C, Valenciano M, de Mateo S, et al. Estimating the influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly on a yearly basis using the Spanish influenza surveillance network–pilot case-control studies using different control groups, 2008-2009 season, Spain. Vaccine. 2010 Apr1;28(16):2903-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.01.054. Epub 2010 Feb 11.

Saxen H, Virtanen M. Randomized, placebo-controlled double blind study on the efficacy of influenza immunization on absenteeism of health care workers. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999; 18:779-83.

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Scheifele DW, Bjornson G and Johnston J. Evaluation of adverse events after influenza vaccination in hospital personnel. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1990; 142 (2): p. 127-130.

Skowronski Dm, Janjua NZ, Serres GD, et al. Interim estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in 2012/13 from Canada's Sentinel Surveillance Network, January 2013. Eurosurveillance 2013; 18(5).

Skowronski DM, De Serres G, Dickinson J, et al. Component specific effectiveness of trivalent infuenza vaccine as monitored through a sentinel surveillance network in Canada, 2006–2007. J Infect Dis 2009; 199: 168–79.

Szilagyi PG, Fairbrother G, Griffi n MR, et al, and the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. Influenza vaccine effectiveness among children 6 to 59 months of age during 2 influenza seasons: a case-cohort study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008; 162: 943–51.

Talbot HK, Griffin, MR, Chen Q, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal vaccine in preventing confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations in community dwelling older adults. J. Infect Dis 2011; 203:500-8.

Talbot HK, Zhu Y, Chen Q, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine for preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations in adults, 2011-2012 influenza season. Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 56(12): 1774-7.

Thijs C, Beyer WE, Govaert PM, et al. Mortality benefits of influenza vaccination in elderly people. Lancet Infect Dis. 2008; 8(8): 460-1; author reply 3-5.

Thomas RE, Jefferson T, Lasserson TJ. Influenza vaccination for healthcare workers who work with the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; (2): CD005187.

Thompson MG, Li DK, Shifflett P, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine for preventing influenza virus illness among pregnant women: a population-based case-control study during the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons. Clin Infect Dis. 2014; 58(4): 449-57.

Treanor JJ, Kotloff K, Betts RF, et al. Evaluation of trivalent, live, cold-adapted (CAIV-T) and inactivated (TIV) influenza vaccines in prevention of virus infection and illness following challenge of adults with wild-type influenza A (H1N1), A (H3N2), and B viruses. Vaccine 1999; 18(9-10):899-906.

Treanor, John J. et al. Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States during a season with circulation of all three vaccine strains. CID 2012; 55(7):951-959.

Treanor JJ, Szilagyi P. Editorial commentary: influenza vaccine: glass half full or half empty? Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 56(10): 1370-2.

Uzicanin A, Thompson M, Smith P, et al. Effectiveness of 1 dose of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccines in preventing reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed H1N1 infection among school-aged children in Maine. J Infect Dis. 2012 Oct 1;206(7):1059-68. Epub 2012 Jul 30. PubMed PMID: 22850120.

Udell JA, Zawi R, Bhatt DL, et al. Association between influenza vaccination and cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013; 310(16): 1711-20.

Van Vuuren A, Rheeder P, Hak E. Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly in South Africa. Epidemiol Infect. 2009 Jul;137(7):994-1002. doi: 10.1017/S0950268808001386. Epub 2008 Oct 17.

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