Vesicointestinal fistula

A vesicointestinal fistula (or intestinovesical fistula) is a form of fistula between the bladder and the bowel.

Vesicointestinal fistula
Other namesIntestinovesical fistula
SpecialtyUrology 

Types

A fistula involving the bladder can have one of many specific names, describing the specific location of its outlet:

  • Bladder and intestine: "vesicoenteric", "enterovesical", or "vesicointestinal"[1][2][3]
  • Bladder and colon: "vesicocolic" or "colovesical"[4]
  • Bladder and rectum: "vesicorectal" or "rectovesical"[5]

Symptoms and signs

If fecal matter passes through the fistula into the bladder, the existence of the fistula may be revealed by pneumaturia or fecaluria.

Causes

Many causes exist including:[6]

  • diverticulitis : most common ~ 60%
  • colorectal cancer (CRC) : ~ 20%
  • Crohn's disease : ~ 10%
  • radiotherapy
  • appendicitis
  • trauma

Diagnosis

Various modalities of diagnosis are available:

A definite algorithm of tests is followed for making the diagnosis.[9]

See also

References
  1. Merck Geriatrics 14-118f
  2. 11-149c. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Home Edition
  3. "Fistula enterovesical". Medcyclopaedia. GE.
  4. "vesicocolic fistula". GPnotebook.
  5. DDB 11193
  6. Weerakkody, Yuranga; Gaillard, Frank. "Colovesical Fistula". Radiopaedia.org. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
  7. Kwon, EO; Armenakas, NA; Scharf, SC; Panagopoulos, G; Fracchia, JA (Apr 2008). "The poppy seed test for colovesical fistula: big bang, little bucks!". The Journal of Urology. 179 (4): 1425–7. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2007.11.085. PMID 18289575.
  8. Amendola, MA; Agha, FP; Dent, TL; Amendola, BE; Shirazi, KK (Apr 1984). "Detection of occult colovesical fistula by the Bourne test". AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology. 142 (4): 715–8. doi:10.2214/ajr.142.4.715. PMID 6608228.
  9. Golabek, Tomasz; Szymanska, Anna; Szopinski, Tomasz; Bukowczan, Jakub; Furmanek, Mariusz; Powroznik, Jan; Chlosta, Piotr (2013). "Enterovesical Fistulae: Aetiology, Imaging, and Management". Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2013: 1–8. doi:10.1155/2013/617967. PMC 3857900. PMID 24348538Fig.1
Classification
External resources


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