Antimony pentasulfide

Antimony pentasulfide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1315-04-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	17615643 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.869
EC Number	215-255-5;
PubChem CID	16683083;
	InChI InChI=1S/5S.2Sb Key: PPKVREKQVQREQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES S=[Sb](=S)S[Sb](=S)=S;
Properties
Chemical formula	S5Sb2
Molar mass	403.82 g·mol−1
Appearance	yellow to orange powder
Density	4.12 g/cm 3
Melting point	135 °C (275 °F; 408 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility	soluble in HCl ; soluble in alkalis
Pharmacology
ATC code	R05CA07 (WHO)
Hazards
EU classification (DSD) (outdated)	F
R-phrases (outdated)	R11
Flash point	flammable
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[1]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds	Antimony(III) sulfide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Antimony pentasulfide is an inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur, also known as antimony red. It is a nonstoichiometric compound with a variable composition. Its exact structure is unknown.[2] Commercial samples are usually contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with carbon disulfide in a Soxhlet extractor.

Production

Antimony pentasulfide can be produced by the reaction of antimony with sulfur at a temperature between 250-400 °C in an inert atmosphere.

Uses

It may be used as a red pigment and is one possible precursor to Schlippe's Salt, Na₃SbS₄, which can be prepared according to the equation:

3 Na₂S + Sb₂S₅ + 9 H₂O → 2 Na₃SbS₄·9H₂O

Physical chemistry

Like many sulfides, this compound liberates hydrogen sulfide upon treatment with strong acids like hydrochloric acid.[3]

6 HCl + Sb₂S₅ → 2 SbCl₃ + 3 H₂S + 2 S

Analysis by Mössbauer spectroscopy indicates that this compound is a derivative antimony(III),[4] explaining the production of antimony(III) chloride, rather than antimony(V) chloride, upon acidification. It is therefore not analogous to the phosphorus(V) compound phosphorus pentasulfide.

References

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0036". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, 102nd edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, p. 849, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1.
Strem MSDS
G. G. Long; J. G. Stevens; L. H. Bowen; S. L. Ruby (1969). "The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 5 (1): 21–25. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X.

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[PGCH-1] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0036". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[2] Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, 102nd edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, p. 849, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1.

[3] Strem MSDS

[4] G. G. Long; J. G. Stevens; L. H. Bowen; S. L. Ruby (1969). "The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 5 (1): 21–25. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X.