Appendix I1: Recommendations for Application of Standard Precautions for the Care of All Patients in All Healthcare Settings

After touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items; immediately after removing gloves; between patient contacts

For touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items; for touching mucous membranes and nonintact skin

During procedures and patient-care activities likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions

During procedures and patient-care activities when contact of clothing/exposed skin with blood/body fluids, secretions, and excretions is anticipated

Handle in a manner that prevents transfer of microorganisms to others and to the environment; wear gloves if visibly contaminated; perform hand hygiene

Develop procedures for routine care, cleaning, and disinfection of environmental surfaces, especially frequently touched surfaces in patient-care areas

Handle in a manner that prevents transfer of microorganisms to others and to the environment

Do not recap, bend, break, or hand-manipulate used needles; use safety features when available; place used sharps in puncture-resistant container

Use mouthpiece, resuscitation bag, other ventilation devices to prevent mouth contact

Prioritize for single patient room if patient is at increased risk of transmission, is likely to contaminate the environment or does not maintain appropriate hygiene, or is at increased risk of acquiring infection or developing adverse outcome following infection

Instruct symptomatic persons to cover mouth/nose when sneezing/coughing; use tissues and dispose in no-touch receptacle; observe hand hygiene after soiling of hands with respiratory secretions; wear surgical mask if tolerated or maintain spatial separation, > 3 feet if possible