Cristidiscoidea

Cristidiscoidea or Nucleariae is a proposed basal holomycota clade in which Fonticula and Nucleariida emerged, as sister of the fungi. Since it is close to the divergence between the main lineages of fungi and animals, the study of Cristidiscoidea can provide crucial information on the divergent lifestyles of these groups and the evolution of opisthokonts and slime mold multicellularity.[1] The holomycota tree is following Tedersoo et al.[2][3]

Opisthokonts
Holomycota
Cristidiscoidea
 

Fonticulida

 
 

Nucleariida

 
 
Fungi/
 

BCG2

 
 
 
 

True Fungi

 
 

Aphelida

 
 
 
 

BCG1

 
Rozellomyceta/
 

Rozella

 
 
 

Namako-37

 
Microsporidia
 

Metchnikovellea

 
 

Microsporea

 
 
 
Cryptomycota
 
 
Opisthosporidia
 
Holozoa
 

Ichthyosporea

 
 
Pluriformea
 

Corallochytrium

 
 

Syssomonas

 
 
Filozoa
 

Filasterea

 
Choanozoa
 

Choanoflagellatea

 
 

Animalia

 
 
 
 
 
 

Cristidiscoidea
Nuclearia thermophila
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
Opisthokonta
(unranked):
Holomycota
Class:
Cristidiscoidea
Orders

Classification
  • Class Cristidiscoidea Cavalier-Smith 1998[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
    • Order Fonticulida Cavalier-Smith 1993
    • Order Nucleariida Cavalier-Smith 1993
      • Family Nucleariidae Cann & Page 1979
        • Genus Nuclearia Cienkowski 1865 [Astrodisculus Greeff 1869; Nuclearella Frenzel 1897; Nuclearina Frenzel 1897; Heliosphaerium Frenzel 1897; Nucleosphaerium Cann & Page 1979]
          • Species Astrodisculus minutus Greeff 1869
          • Species Astrodisculus araneiformis Schewiakoff 1893
          • Species Astrodisculus laciniatus Penard 1904 [Chlamydaster lacinatus (Penard 1904) Rainer 1968]
          • Species Astrodisculus affinis Schouteden 1905
          • Species Astrodisculus marinus Kufferath 1952
          • Species N. conspicua West 1903
          • Species N. lohmanni Kufferath 1952
          • Species N. delicatula Cienkowski 1865
          • Species N. flavescens (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus flavescens Greeff 1869]
          • Species N. flavocapsulata (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus flavocapsulata Greeff 1869; Astrodisculus penari Roskin 1929; Astrodisculus serratus Walton 1930; Heliosphaerium polyedricum Frenzel 1897]
          • Species N. leuckarti (Frenzel 1897) Patterson 1984 [Nuclearina leuckarti Frenzel 1897]
          • Species N. moebiusi Frenzel 1897
          • Species N. pattersoni Dyková et al. 2003
          • Species N. polypodia Schewiakoff 1863
          • Species N. radians (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus radians Greeff 1869 sensu Penard 1904 non Stern 1924; Nucleosphaerium radians (Greef 1869); Nucleosphaerium tuckeri Cann & Page 1979; Heliosphaerium aster Frenzel 1897; Heliophrys varians West]
          • Species N. simplex Cienkowsky 1865 [Nuclearella variabilis Frenzel 1897]
          • Species N. thermophila Yoshida, Nakayama & Inouye 2009
          • Species N. rubra (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus rubra Greeff 1869; Astrodisculus zonatus Penard 1904; Nuclearia caulescens Penard 1903: pro parte; Nuclearia zonatus (Penard 1904) Siemensma 1981]
        • Genus Parvularia López-Escardó 2017[11]

References
  1. Brown, Matthew W.; Spiegel, Frederick W.; Silberman, Jeffrey D. (2009-12-01). "Phylogeny of the "Forgotten" Cellular Slime Mold, Fonticula alba, Reveals a Key Evolutionary Branch within Opisthokonta". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 26 (12): 2699–2709. doi:10.1093/molbev/msp185. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 19692665.
  2. Tedersoo, Leho; Sánchez-Ramírez, Santiago; Kõljalg, Urmas; Bahram, Mohammad; Döring, Markus; Schigel, Dmitry; May, Tom; Ryberg, Martin; Abarenkov, Kessy (2018). "High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses". Fungal Diversity. 90 (1): 135–159. doi:10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0. ISSN 1560-2745.
  3. Hibbett, David S.; Blackwell, Meredith; James, Timothy Y.; Spatafora, Joseph W.; Taylor, John W.; Vilgalys, Rytas (2018). "Phylogenetic taxon definitions for Fungi, Dikarya, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota". IMA Fungus. 9 (2): 291–298. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.02.05. ISSN 2210-6340. PMC 6317587. PMID 30622884.
  4. Adl; et al. (September 2012), "The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes" (PDF), Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 59 (5): 429–493, doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x, PMC 3483872, PMID 23020233
  5. Silar, Philippe (2016), "Protistes Eucaryotes : Origine, Evolution et Biologie des Microbes Eucaryotes", HAL Archives-ouvertes: 1–462
  6. Ruggiero; et al. (29 April 2015), "Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms", PLoS ONE, 10 (4): e0119248, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248, PMC 4418965, PMID 25923521
  7. Ondřej Zicha (1999), "Nuclearia", BioLib.cz, retrieved 2016-04-21
  8. Kaiqin, Xu (2007), "Nuclearia", The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta, retrieved 2016-04-21
  9. Kaiqin, Xu (2007), "Astrodisculus", The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta, retrieved 2016-04-21
  10. "Nuclearia", Wikispecies, retrieved 2016-04-21
  11. López-Escardó, David; López-García, Purificación; Moreira, David; Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki; Torruella, Guifré (2017). "Parvularia atlantis gen. et sp. nov., a Nucleariid Filose Amoeba (Holomycota, Opisthokonta)". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 65 (2): 170–179. doi:10.1111/jeu.12450. ISSN 1550-7408. PMC 5708529. PMID 28741861.
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