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Transportation Health Impact Assessment Toolkit

Combined Indicators

Some indicators can be combined, such as demographic information and community infrastructure. For example, HIA practitioners can identify how close recreational facilities are to residents within the study area. Access is defined as residing within a 0.5 mile radius, the reasonable distance one is willing to travel on foot. In mapping access to such facilities, keep in mind that underserved populations tend to be of minority and lower socio-economic status. People with park access reside within 0.5 mile of a park, reflecting the reasonable distance a person is willing to travel on foot. Combined indictors integrate demographic and population data to allow assessment of the distribution of health outcomes. The HIA may also look at how close the study area’s population is to schools, transit stops, food outlets, commercial areas, and places of employment in the same manner.

IndicatorInstructionsNational DatabaseLocal ResourceExample

Park access (acres per 1,000 people)

Use Geographic Information System (GIS) overlay of locations with census tract population data to assess the ratio of park acres per 1,000 people.

U.S Census Bureau, American Fact Finder for population profile information of the study area.

Contact the regional planning agency and/or project team to identify parks within the study area.

Atlanta BeltLine Health Impact Assessment [PDF - 6.16 MB], pp. 68–69. The Atlanta BeltLine HIA defined park access as living within 0.5 miles of a park. The HIA used census data to describe the demographics of residents able to walk to a park before the redevelopment. The analysis also estimated how many of these residents would have access to a park in their neighborhood after the parks planned in the project proposal are completed.

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