Transverse colon

The transverse colon is the longest and most movable part of the colon. It crosses the abdomen from the ascending colon at the hepatic or right colic flexure with a downward convexity to the descending colon where it curves sharply on itself beneath the lower end of the spleen forming the splenic or left colic flexure. In its course, it describes an arch, the concavity of which is directed backward and a little upward. Toward its splenic end there is often an abrupt U-shaped curve which may descend lower than the main curve.

Transverse colon
Drawing of colon seen from front
(transverse colon coloured blue)
Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for liver, stomach and large intestine
Details
PrecursorMidgut (first 2/3) Hindgut (last 1/3)
ArteryMiddle colic artery
VeinMiddle colic vein
Identifiers
LatinColon transversum
MeSHD044684
TAA05.7.03.004
FMA14546
Anatomical terminology

It is almost completely invested by peritoneum, and is connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by a large and wide duplicature of that membrane, the transverse mesocolon.

It is in relation, by its upper surface, with the liver and gall-bladder, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the lower end of the spleen; by its under surface, with the small intestine; by its anterior surface, with the posterior layer of the greater omentum and the abdominal wall; its posterior surface is in relation from right to left with the descending portion of the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, and some of the convolutions of the jejunum and ileum.

The transverse colon absorbs water and salts.

Additional images
  • 1: Ascending colon
    2: Transverse colon
    3: Descending colon
    4: Sigmoid colon
    5: Rectum
  • Inner diameters of different sections of the large intestine, with transverse colon (at top) measuring on average 5.8 cm (range 5.0-6.5 cm).[1]
  • Intestines
  • Schematic figure of the bursa omentalis, etc. Human embryo of eight weeks
  • Front view of the thoracic and abdominal viscera
  • Digestive system
  • Transverse colon

See also

References
  1. Nguyen H, Loustaunau C, Facista A, Ramsey L, Hassounah N, Taylor H, Krouse R, Payne CM, Tsikitis VL, Goldschmid S, Banerjee B, Perini RF, Bernstein C (2010). "Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in field defects during progression to colon cancer". J Vis Exp (41). doi:10.3791/1931. PMC 3149991. PMID 20689513.

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 1180 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

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