Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam

Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam (chemical name Samarium-153-ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate, abbreviated Samarium-153 EDTMP, trade name Quadramet) is a chelated complex of a radioisotope of the element samarium with EDTMP. It is used to treat pain when cancer has spread to the bone.[1][2]

Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam
Clinical data
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
    Routes of
    administration    		Intravenous
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
    Pharmacokinetic data
    BioavailabilityN/A
    Identifiers
    PubChem CID
    UNII
    ChEMBL
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC6H12N2Na5O12P4153Sm
    Molar mass695.93 g/mol
    3D model (JSmol)

    It is injected into a vein and distributed throughout the body, where it is preferentially absorbed in areas where cancer has invaded the bone. The radioisotope 153Sm, with a half-life of 46.3 hours, decays by emitting beta particles (electrons), which kill the nearby cells. Pain begins to improve in the first week for most people and the effects can last several months. It is commonly used in lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and osteosarcoma.

    Side effects

    Side effects[3] include the following:

    • Black, tarry stools
    • Blood in urine/stool
    • Cough, hoarseness
    • Fever/chills
    • Lower back/side pain
    • Painful or difficult urination
    • Pinpoint red spots on skin
    • Irregular heartbeat
    • Nausea, vomiting

    Supply and administration

    Quadramet is supplied as a frozen solution for intravenous use with an activity of 50±5 mCi/mL[4] and beta energy 1986. Due to the short half-life of the radioisotope, the drug expires 56 hours after the noted calibration time.[4] Currently supported by Lantheus Medical Imaging.

    References
    1. Anderson P (August 2006). "Samarium for osteoblastic bone metastases and osteosarcoma". Expert Opin Pharmacother. 7 (11): 1475–86. doi:10.1517/14656566.7.11.1475. PMID 16859431.
    2. Finlay IG; Mason MD; Shelley M (June 2005). "Radioisotopes for the palliation of metastatic bone cancer: a systematic review". Lancet Oncol. 6 (6): 392–400. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70206-0. PMID 15925817.
    3. "Quadramet Side Effects in Detail." Drugs.com
    4. "Quadramet Official FDA Information, side effects, and uses." Drugs.com, 2009.


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