Table 5.1.a. Urinary genistein: Total population 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/L) for the total U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

28.5

(25.5-31.8)

3.27

(2.70-4.17)

28.4

(25.7-30.7)

293

(253-330)

5351

6–11 years

33.8

(29.3-39.1)

5.80

(4.20-7.05)

31.8

(25.2-37.3)

248

(197-328)

727

12–19 years

38.0

(32.2-44.7)

5.60

(4.00-8.20)

34.8

(29.0-41.4)

314

(249-365)

1498

20–39 years

31.3

(26.5-37.0)

3.10

(2.40-4.80)

29.0

(25.8-34.3)

349

(269-437)

1140

40–59 years

23.7

(19.1-29.3)

2.22

(.900-3.40)

24.4

(21.3-29.4)

298

(202-402)

951

60 years and older

24.1

(20.8-28.0)

2.90

(2.20-3.95)

24.2

(20.3-29.8)

227

(155-308)

1035

Males

Total, 6 years and older

31.1

(26.8-36.2)

3.86

(3.10-5.20)

30.3

(27.6-34.0)

298

(235-341)

2597

6–11 years

34.6

(27.6-43.3)

5.36

(3.30-7.04)

35.2

(24.3-51.0)

218

(146-348)

368

12–19 years

36.3

(28.1-46.8)

6.21

(2.62-10.6)

31.0

(25.6-41.4)

299

(204-363)

736

20–39 years

33.5

(26.5-42.3)

3.16

(2.30-5.39)

30.7

(26.8-35.9)

385

(245-522)

500

40–59 years

26.5

(19.7-35.6)

3.35

(1.32-5.60)

28.4

(20.1-35.7)

281

(195-383)

480

60 years and older

29.8

(24.4-36.6)

4.17

(3.10-5.73)

31.1

(23.7-36.6)

233

(141-335)

513

Females

Total, 6 years and older

26.1

(23.7-28.8)

2.85

(2.22-3.83)

25.6

(23.5-28.4)

285

(242-353)

2754

6–11 years

33.1

(26.2-41.9)

5.50

(3.75-7.84)

27.0

(21.8-36.1)

272

(197-426)

359

12–19 years

39.8

(34.0-46.7)

5.52

(4.00-8.40)

36.8

(31.3-46.3)

321

(247-445)

762

20–39 years

29.3

(24.0-35.8)

2.99

(1.95-4.86)

27.6

(22.5-36.3)

312

(217-461)

640

40–59 years

21.2

(17.3-26.1)

1.60

(<LOD-3.00)

22.8

(18.7-26.0)

327

(194-495)

471

60 years and older

20.5

(17.3-24.3)

2.50

(1.26-3.51)

20.3

(16.4-25.3)

190

(129-290)

522

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

Table 5.1.b. Urinary genistein: Mexican Americans 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/L) for Mexican Americans in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

29.7

(25.4-34.8)

4.07

(3.40-4.60)

27.4

(23.5-32.5)

294

(216-328)

1498

6–11 years

37.5

(26.3-53.4)

3.78

(1.64-6.00)

42.6

(22.7-63.5)

432

(220-671)

226

12–19 years

32.4

(26.6-39.4)

3.80

(2.50-5.40)

34.2

(27.7-41.1)

314

(216-367)

543

20–39 years

30.7

(22.8-41.3)

4.50

(3.40-5.70)

25.8

(18.5-37.5)

302

(201-427)

301

40–59 years

24.8

(19.7-31.1)

3.60

(2.08-5.62)

25.7

(18.5-34.4)

168

(106-286)

221

60 years and older

20.3

(16.5-25.0)

2.48

(1.06-4.07)

19.0

(13.7-31.1)

190

(113-489)

207

Males

Total, 6 years and older

33.6

(26.0-43.4)

4.28

(3.10-5.40)

31.6

(24.1-45.0)

324

(294-432)

724

6–11 years

37.7

(23.6-60.3)

3.30

(1.40-7.80)

42.8

(22.4-63.5)

341

(172-830)

117

12–19 years

34.0

(26.5-43.7)

3.67

(2.09-5.70)

39.7

(26.4-54.2)

324

(216-373)

276

20–39 years

37.3

(23.9-58.2)

4.50

(2.70-7.05)

32.3

(19.1-72.9)

406

(244-514)

127

40–59 years

28.7

(20.9-39.4)

4.40†

(2.80-8.30)

29.0

(19.5-38.9)

205†

(97.3-540)

105

60 years and older

19.1

(12.5-29.4)

2.48†

(<LOD-6.30)

16.9

(11.2-31.1)

125†

(57.0-614)

99

Females

Total, 6 years and older

26.0

(23.0-29.4)

3.80

(3.18-4.38)

24.4

(20.7-26.9)

220

(193-309)

774

6–11 years

37.2

(23.9-57.8)

4.60†

(<LOD-7.20)

27.4

(19.3-84.7)

523†

(220-813)

109

12–19 years

30.6

(23.4-40.1)

3.94

(2.00-6.11)

30.2

(25.0-38.1)

267

(166-492)

267

20–39 years

24.3

(19.0-31.2)

4.32

(3.18-6.30)

20.0

(14.6-26.9)

215

(125-349)

174

40–59 years

21.3

(15.8-28.6)

2.95

(<LOD-5.62)

24.2

(17.0-34.4)

146

(87.3-286)

116

60 years and older

21.4

(14.9-30.6)

1.90†

(<LOD-3.80)

23.5

(10.9-38.9)

213†

(128-489)

108

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.

Table 5.1.c. Urinary genistein: Non-Hispanic blacks

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/L) for non-Hispanic blacks in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

31.5

(25.2-39.3)

3.73

(2.40-5.00)

33.2

(26.8-41.5)

328

(237-393)

1289

6–11 years

42.3

(32.8-54.4)

4.70

(3.50-6.90)

43.7

(32.4-58.0)

417

(272-600)

249

12–19 years

46.7

(37.7-57.9)

7.20

(5.84-10.0)

39.5

(34.4-48.0)

378

(306-467)

451

20–39 years

31.7

(22.9-43.8)

3.70

(1.60-6.30)

34.9

(25.4-49.1)

301

(164-474)

197

40–59 years

24.3

(16.3-36.4)

1.90

(<LOD-5.20)

27.9

(18.5-39.7)

246

(114-402)

210

60 years and older

24.6

(16.8-36.0)

2.79

(1.20-5.40)

23.7

(15.4-34.7)

228

(137-641)

182

Males

Total, 6 years and older

33.5

(24.7-45.6)

4.60

(2.30-7.21)

36.9

(28.8-49.1)

257

(178-388)

628

6–11 years

45.0

(31.5-64.5)

4.96

(3.33-7.05)

49.6

(34.6-73.9)

387

(205-687)

127

12–19 years

45.8

(36.6-57.4)

7.00

(4.72-10.2)

43.0

(34.6-56.7)

334

(227-445)

212

20–39 years

30.2

(18.1-50.6)

3.80†

(<LOD-8.30)

41.5

(24.0-57.2)

252†

(104-513)

91

40–59 years

26.7

(16.3-44.0)

3.70†

(<LOD-10.0)

30.1

(16.6-50.4)

178†

(87.4-367)

109

60 years and older

33.2

(18.3-60.1)

4.70†

(<LOD-7.96)

30.3

(15.9-58.6)

276†

(108-1120)

89

Females

Total, 6 years and older

29.8

(24.0-37.1)

3.00

(2.10-4.40)

30.3

(23.3-38.2)

363

(245-472)

661

6–11 years

39.4

(29.0-53.6)

4.74

(1.70-9.70)

34.5

(24.7-50.8)

432

(203-600)

122

12–19 years

47.7

(35.9-63.4)

7.54

(5.90-11.2)

37.4

(29.6-47.6)

394

(233-717)

239

20–39 years

32.8

(22.5-47.8)

2.99†

(<LOD-8.40)

34.4

(21.0-50.7)

346†

(161-577)

106

40–59 years

22.4

(14.0-35.9)

1.50†

(<LOD-4.40)

23.3

(17.1-38.6)

285†

(106-495)

101

60 years and older

20.2

(13.1-31.1)

2.30†

(<LOD-5.42)

17.4

(10.6-33.3)

228†

(105-641)

93

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.

Table 5.1.d. Urinary genistein: Non-Hispanic whites

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/L) for non-Hispanic whites in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

27.1

(24.2-30.4)

2.96

(2.40-3.91)

26.5

(23.9-29.5)

281

(238-330)

2112

6–11 years

31.3

(25.2-38.9)

6.40

(4.20-8.15)

28.4

(22.4-37.3)

217

(155-272)

196

12–19 years

36.4

(29.3-45.3)

5.10

(3.30-9.70)

33.3

(27.9-41.0)

257

(209-331)

375

20–39 years

30.5

(24.0-38.7)

2.80

(1.92-4.86)

27.9

(23.7-34.0)

387

(254-537)

529

40–59 years

23.9

(18.6-30.6)

2.14

(<LOD-3.40)

24.3

(19.7-29.5)

335

(214-466)

434

60 years and older

22.2

(19.0-26.0)

2.74

(1.71-3.98)

22.5

(18.7-27.9)

182

(129-282)

578

Males

Total, 6 years and older

30.6

(26.1-35.9)

3.90

(2.80-5.60)

29.5

(26.5-33.1)

293

(226-371)

1038

6–11 years

31.0

(22.9-42.0)

6.20†

(3.10-8.15)

32.9

(20.6-48.3)

190†

(104-257)

101

12–19 years

33.2

(22.9-48.1)

5.09

(2.20-11.5)

28.3

(22.8-38.8)

238

(141-371)

190

20–39 years

32.2

(23.7-43.8)

2.90

(1.90-5.91)

27.9

(23.7-34.3)

413

(229-734)

231

40–59 years

29.1

(21.7-39.1)

3.42

(1.32-5.85)

28.7

(21.7-38.7)

298

(195-447)

225

60 years and older

28.9

(23.0-36.4)

4.17

(3.10-6.00)

29.8

(21.9-36.7)

229

(129-335)

291

Females

Total, 6 years and older

24.1

(21.6-27.0)

2.59

(1.50-3.20)

23.7

(20.9-26.1)

268

(226-353)

1074

6–11 years

31.7

(21.7-46.3)

6.89†

(3.51-10.2)

26.7

(17.3-37.9)

256†

(131-500)

95

12–19 years

40.4

(33.6-48.6)

5.10

(3.51-9.13)

37.8

(29.0-53.2)

305

(212-446)

185

20–39 years

28.9

(21.6-38.8)

2.59

(1.40-4.90)

27.0

(18.7-39.0)

330

(206-626)

298

40–59 years

19.6

(14.5-26.6)

.960

(<LOD-2.87)

18.7

(14.3-24.9)

355

(174-627)

209

60 years and older

18.1

(14.8-22.1)

2.20

(1.00-3.75)

18.4

(14.1-24.3)

136

(118-202)

287

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.

Table 5.1.e. Urinary genistein: Total population (creatinine corrected)

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/g creatinine) for the total U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

26.6

(23.7-29.8)

3.78

(3.08-4.46)

24.8

(22.5-27.6)

242

(209-274)

5351

6–11 years

36.7

(31.1-43.4)

6.94

(5.22-8.13)

34.9

(27.6-41.3)

243

(186-292)

727

12–19 years

27.5

(23.3-32.4)

4.36

(3.68-5.09)

24.4

(20.9-30.8)

192

(153-258)

1498

20–39 years

25.1

(21.5-29.2)

3.77

(2.96-4.59)

22.8

(19.1-26.3)

244

(202-318)

1140

40–59 years

23.8

(19.3-29.3)

2.48

(1.17-4.08)

22.3

(18.5-28.7)

270

(196-335)

951

60 years and older

28.9

(25.4-33.0)

4.48

(3.17-5.31)

26.6

(22.4-32.3)

222

(175-285)

1035

Males

Total, 6 years and older

25.0

(21.4-29.3)

4.02

(3.25-4.74)

23.0

(19.8-26.8)

203

(177-265)

2597

6–11 years

36.5

(28.4-46.8)

6.65

(4.52-8.13)

35.4

(27.1-50.3)

200

(154-286)

368

12–19 years

25.8

(20.4-32.5)

4.23

(3.54-5.09)

22.2

(18.6-31.7)

164

(115-264)

736

20–39 years

23.3

(18.4-29.4)

4.01

(1.99-5.04)

19.0

(15.6-24.7)

227

(170-330)

500

40–59 years

22.0

(16.1-30.0)

3.21

(1.36-4.87)

21.0

(16.1-30.9)

222

(167-334)

480

60 years and older

28.0

(23.6-33.2)

4.74

(3.44-6.19)

27.1

(22.2-33.1)

177

(143-324)

513

Females

Total, 6 years and older

28.1

(25.3-31.3)

3.50

(2.95-4.23)

26.6

(23.8-29.7)

265

(230-308)

2754

6–11 years

37.0

(28.2-48.6)

7.69

(4.92-9.64)

30.9

(21.9-47.9)

255

(182-488)

359

12–19 years

29.3

(24.9-34.6)

4.65

(3.09-6.00)

28.2

(23.2-33.2)

216

(162-304)

762

20–39 years

27.0

(22.4-32.5)

3.32

(3.01-4.41)

25.8

(21.1-30.3)

265

(192-349)

640

40–59 years

25.6

(21.2-30.8)

2.23

(<LOD-3.81)

24.7

(17.6-36.0)

287

(230-381)

471

60 years and older

29.7

(24.8-35.5)

4.27

(2.52-5.68)

26.6

(21.6-35.0)

252

(191-319)

522

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the uncorrected urine value, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

Table 5.1.f. Urinary genistein: Mexican Americans (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/g creatinine) for Mexican Americans in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

27.6

(24.1-31.6)

3.85

(3.35-4.65)

24.5

(19.7-30.0)

243

(208-279)

1498

6–11 years

48.0

(37.4-61.6)

5.98

(3.95-8.12)

42.4

(31.7-62.9)

601

(317-717)

226

12–19 years

25.5

(21.4-30.4)

3.42

(2.96-4.23)

24.6

(19.7-31.7)

188

(165-254)

543

20–39 years

25.3

(19.5-32.9)

3.79

(3.16-5.11)

19.1

(14.8-32.6)

215

(181-257)

301

40–59 years

24.8

(19.9-31.0)

4.01

(2.88-5.44)

25.6

(18.6-32.8)

176

(124-279)

221

60 years and older

23.4

(18.4-29.6)

3.49

(1.13-5.08)

22.1

(15.8-35.0)

216

(142-329)

207

Males

Total, 6 years and older

27.7

(22.5-34.1)

4.01

(3.10-5.17)

25.7

(18.7-34.9)

228

(190-285)

724

6–11 years

45.3

(30.6-66.9)

4.29

(2.85-9.69)

40.7

(29.1-66.8)

627

(206-776)

117

12–19 years

25.6

(20.3-32.3)

3.62

(2.22-4.66)

24.7

(18.3-40.4)

185

(165-270)

276

20–39 years

27.5

(18.7-40.3)

3.99

(2.72-5.71)

19.8

(13.5-41.2)

226

(180-323)

127

40–59 years

24.1

(17.7-32.8)

4.91†

(3.21-6.44)

25.6

(14.8-34.3)

159†

(96.9-335)

105

60 years and older

18.0

(12.2-26.6)

3.05†

(<LOD-5.74)

18.5

(10.8-32.4)

135†

(50.5-292)

99

Females

Total, 6 years and older

27.5

(24.0-31.4)

3.72

(3.27-4.42)

23.8

(19.2-26.2)

253

(195-324)

774

6–11 years

51.0

(37.5-69.4)

7.40†

(<LOD-9.57)

44.0

(25.1-94.3)

537†

(253-926)

109

12–19 years

25.5

(19.4-33.4)

3.42

(2.71-4.65)

24.5

(16.1-36.3)

195

(131-313)

267

20–39 years

23.0

(18.2-29.1)

3.60

(3.20-4.61)

16.8

(13.8-25.5)

205

(119-325)

174

40–59 years

25.6

(19.8-33.2)

3.17

(<LOD-5.96)

24.4

(17.5-33.6)

219

(121-324)

116

60 years and older

29.0

(19.9-42.2)

3.50†

(<LOD-11.2)

27.9

(14.7-59.2)

237†

(142-408)

108

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the uncorrected urine value, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.

Table 5.1.g. Urinary genistein: Non-Hispanic blacks (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/g creatinine) for non-Hispanic blacks in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

21.2

(17.0-26.4)

3.24

(2.52-4.26)

21.1

(17.2-26.1)

192

(154-239)

1289

6–11 years

39.5

(31.0-50.4)

5.59

(3.92-9.81)

38.5

(28.9-51.2)

279

(203-409)

249

12–19 years

26.2

(21.4-32.1)

4.25

(3.54-5.18)

24.9

(20.0-30.8)

224

(138-351)

451

20–39 years

18.0

(12.8-25.3)

2.82

(.344-4.26)

19.0

(13.4-25.6)

186

(95.1-281)

197

40–59 years

16.4

(11.4-23.7)

2.56

(<LOD-4.68)

16.4

(11.5-23.7)

152

(101-217)

210

60 years and older

23.1

(17.0-31.5)

4.13

(2.22-5.31)

20.9

(14.9-30.9)

178

(106-384)

182

Males

Total, 6 years and older

20.3

(15.1-27.3)

3.24

(1.99-4.68)

20.7

(16.4-28.5)

162

(109-222)

628

6–11 years

41.8

(29.2-59.7)

5.47

(3.10-12.9)

41.3

(28.5-71.2)

274

(165-450)

127

12–19 years

25.0

(20.1-31.0)

3.12

(1.84-5.01)

26.1

(20.0-34.8)

176

(114-260)

212

20–39 years

14.7

(8.72-24.7)

2.82†

(<LOD-5.12)

17.2

(10.1-25.6)

103†

(53.9-191)

91

40–59 years

16.3

(10.0-26.5)

2.56†

(<LOD-5.14)

18.7

(10.4-30.4)

112†

(49.6-236)

109

60 years and older

24.7

(14.3-42.4)

4.86†

(<LOD-7.14)

20.4

(14.7-32.8)

322†

(74.5-783)

89

Females

Total, 6 years and older

22.1

(17.9-27.1)

3.33

(2.58-4.15)

21.6

(16.5-26.9)

224

(159-317)

661

6–11 years

37.3

(28.2-49.4)

5.59

(2.77-9.59)

31.6

(21.3-54.0)

344

(185-462)

122

12–19 years

27.6

(21.0-36.2)

5.14

(4.13-6.43)

22.9

(16.6-32.3)

261

(130-460)

239

20–39 years

21.2

(14.5-31.1)

3.01†

(<LOD-5.56)

23.3

(13.5-30.3)

247†

(140-415)

106

40–59 years

16.5

(10.9-25.0)

2.22†

(<LOD-4.89)

14.3

(10.6-25.0)

154†

(109-247)

101

60 years and older

22.1

(15.5-31.6)

3.95†

(<LOD-5.45)

20.0

(13.1-33.8)

178†

(90.2-446)

93

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the uncorrected urine value, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.

Table 5.1.h. Urinary genistein: Non-Hispanic whites (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in µg/g creatinine) for non-Hispanic whites in the U.S. population aged 6 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002.

Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval)

Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval)

Sample
size

10th

50th

90th

Males and Females

Total, 6 years and older

27.0

(24.1-30.2)

3.80

(2.98-4.66)

25.6

(22.7-28.8)

242

(207-284)

2112

6–11 years

34.0

(26.7-43.3)

7.20

(4.92-10.4)

31.7

(23.3-40.8)

186

(145-279)

196

12–19 years

27.6

(22.0-34.7)

4.76

(2.77-6.72)

24.1

(20.6-33.0)

166

(130-232)

375

20–39 years

26.6

(21.7-32.5)

3.89

(2.96-4.86)

24.4

(17.5-31.5)

268

(208-348)

529

40–59 years

25.0

(19.6-31.9)

2.47

(<LOD-4.07)

24.2

(18.1-33.2)

287

(204-367)

434

60 years and older

27.7

(24.4-31.4)

4.63

(2.98-6.09)

26.0

(21.9-32.0)

185

(150-274)

578

Males

Total, 6 years and older

25.9

(22.1-30.4)

4.35

(3.66-5.13)

24.6

(20.6-29.3)

196

(169-284)

1038

6–11 years

34.1

(24.7-47.1)

6.08†

(2.28-11.9)

35.3

(18.9-60.1)

168†

(115-279)

101

12–19 years

25.2

(17.9-35.5)

4.35

(2.76-6.73)

21.0

(17.0-29.6)

124

(95.4-264)

190

20–39 years

24.5

(18.3-32.7)

4.48

(1.42-5.71)

19.5

(14.8-28.4)

246

(170-365)

231

40–59 years

24.5

(17.9-33.5)

3.32

(1.55-5.13)

22.0

(16.3-35.8)

271

(167-379)

225

60 years and older

27.6

(23.4-32.7)

4.85

(3.73-6.59)

26.8

(20.5-34.3)

170

(111-285)

291

Females

Total, 6 years and older

28.1

(25.0-31.6)

3.16

(2.45-4.27)

26.6

(22.5-31.3)

274

(230-323)

1074

6–11 years

33.9

(22.4-51.4)

7.69†

(4.25-11.6)

27.6

(17.4-41.1)

200†

(140-571)

95

12–19 years

30.5

(24.3-38.4)

4.74

(2.59-7.08)

29.8

(21.7-40.1)

203

(141-304)

185

20–39 years

28.8

(22.6-36.7)

3.20

(2.63-4.86)

27.0

(19.6-37.3)

283

(206-357)

298

40–59 years

25.5

(19.2-34.0)

1.62

(<LOD-4.07)

24.2

(15.6-40.4)

323

(220-480)

209

60 years and older

27.8

(22.5-34.2)

4.27

(2.00-6.44)

25.9

(19.9-35.0)

222

(155-319)

287

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the uncorrected urine value, which may vary for some compounds by year. See Appendix D for LOD.

† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size.