OCCUPATIONAL HEARING LOSS (OHL) SURVEILLANCE

Facts and Definitions

Scope of the Problem

• In the United States, hearing loss is the third-most common chronic physical condition among adults after hypertension and arthritis.
• About 11% of the U.S. working population has hearing difficulty.
• About 24% of the hearing difficulty among U.S. workers is caused by occupational exposures.
• About 8% of the U.S. working population has tinnitus (‘ringing in the ears’) and 4% has both hearing difficulty and tinnitus.

What causes Occupational Hearing Loss (OHL)?

• OHL can occur when workers are exposed to loud noise or ototoxic chemicals.
• Noise is considered loud (hazardous) when it reaches 85 decibels or higher, or if a person has to raise his/her voice to speak with someone 3 feet away (arm’s length).
• Ototoxic chemicals (and examples) include:
  • organic solvents (styrene, trichloroethylene, mixtures)
  • heavy metals (mercury, lead, trimethyltin)
  • asphyxiants (carbon monoxide, hyrdrogen cyanide)

How Many Workers are Exposed?

• About 22 million workers are exposed to hazardous noise each year.
• About 10 million workers are exposed to solvents and an unknown number are exposed to other ototoxicants.

What is OHL Surveillance?

OHL surveillance includes:

• Collecting worker hearing data, exposure data and related information for analysis;
• Estimating how many workers have hearing loss or related health outcomes and how many workers are exposed;
• Examining these estimates by industry and occupation; and
• Monitoring trends over time.

The NIOSH OHL Surveillance Project commenced to establish a national repository for OHL data, and to conduct surveillance and research of this common occupational illness.