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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

2,3-Butanedione

RTECS #

EK2625000

CAS #

431-03-8

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

86.10

Molecular Formula

C₄H₆O₂

Synonyms

2,3-Butadione
2,3-Diketobutane
Biacetyl
Diacetyl
Dimethyl diketone
Dimethylglyoxal
Glyoxal, dimethyl-

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /rabbit	500 mg/24H	moderate	FCTXAV 17,765,1979

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	other cell types/mouse	200 mg/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)	FCTOD7 46,2928,2008
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1 mg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 67,367,1979
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	oral/rat	1500 mg/kg	JJCREP 76,809,1985

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 198.4 ppm/6H	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TOXID9 78,438,2004
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 294.6 ppm/6H	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TOXID9 78,438,2004
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 294.6 ppm/6H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	TOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 224 ppm/1H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi	TOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 198.4 ppm/6H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi	TOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 356 ppm/1H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 92.9 ppm/15M	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects	TOPADD 36,330,2008
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 mg/kg	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Vascular: Regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation	FCTXAV 7,571,1969
oral/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 990 mg/kg	Behavioral: Ataxia Behavioral: Coma Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3000 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,448,1994
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1580 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	FCTXAV 2,327,1964
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): >5 gm/kg		FCTXAV 17,765,1979

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/5D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	TOXID9 90,210,2006
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 48600 mg/kg/90D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells	FCTXAV 7,571,1969
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 48600 mg/kg/90D- intermittent	Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight	VCVGK* -,448,1994

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.01 ppm;short term exposure limit 0.02 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 84595; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 185; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 3438; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1628
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 84595; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 126; Number of Occupations 6; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1503

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; selected, October 2000

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Page last reviewed:March 7, 2014
Page last updated:February 6, 2017
Content source:
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Education and Information Division

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