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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Phthalic acid, dibutyl ester

RTECS #

TI0875000

CAS #

84-74-2

Updated

December 2013

Molecular Weight

278.38

Molecular Formula

C16H22O4

Synonyms

Benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester
Celluflex DPB
DBP (ester)
Dibutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dibutyl o-phthalate
Dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl phthalate (ACGIH:OSHA)
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Di-n-butylester kyseliny ftalove (Czech)
Elaol
Ergoplast FOB
Genoplast B
Hatcol DBP
Hexaplas M/B
Kodaflex DBP
Monocizer DBP
n-Butylphthalate
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
Palatinol C
Polycizer DBP
PX 104
RCRA waste number U069
Staflex DBP
Unimoll DB
Vestinol C
Witcizer 300

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisfibroblast/hamster30 mg/L/24HMUREAV 48,337,1977
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/non-mammalian species0.1 µmol/L/3HMUTAEX 14,375,1999
DNA Damageother cell types/human216 µmol/L/60MEMMUEG 35,9,2000
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human354 mmol/L/60MTCMUD8 21,189,2001
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human354 mmol/LMUREAV 467,21,2000
DNA Damageother cell types/human354 mmol/LMUREAV 467,21,2000
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium100 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)JTEHD6 16,61,1985

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat 1017 mg/kg (5-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)JPMSAE 61,51,1972
intraperitoneal/rat 305 mg/kg (5-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
JPMSAE 61,51,1972
intraperitoneal/rat 6 gm/kg (3-9D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)EVHPAZ 3,91,1973
intraperitoneal/rat 6 mL/kg (3-9D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)EVHPAZ 3,91,1973
oral/rat 11.2 gm/kg (7D male/7D prior to copulation/21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 77.5 gm/kg (17W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 2.3 gm/kg (7D male/7D prior to copulation/21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 66 mg/kg (multigenerations)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 651 mg/kg (multigenerations)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 651 mg/kg (multigenerations)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
NTIS** #PB92111996
oral/rat 3500 mg/kg (12-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemREPTED 16,10,2002
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
REPTED 16,10,2002
oral/rat 16.5 gm/kg (7-22D preg/17D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effectsJJTHEC 65(A),813,2002
oral/rat 5500 mg/kg (7-17D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralREPTED 17,475,2003
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)TOSCF2 73,431,2003
oral/rabbit 5600 mg/kg (15-29D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TOSCF2 72,301,2003
oral/rat 28 gm/kg (4W male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)REPTED 18,35,2004
oral/rat 600 mg/kg (multigeneration)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
REPTED 18,1,2004
oral/mouse 7200 mg/kg (1-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system
OEKSDJ 8,29,1977
oral/mouse 8640 mg/kg (1-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)EVHPAZ 45,65,1982
oral/mouse 20 gm/kg (6-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)TCMUD8 7,29,1987
oral/mouse 16800 mg/kg (7D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Other effects on male
TOLED5 5,413,1980
oral/guinea pig 14 gm/kg (7D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductTOLED5 11,141,1982
oral/rat 24 gm/kg (20D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
WDZAEK 3,153,1989
oral/rat 6750 mg/kg (0-8D pregnant)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
CGANE7 39,189,1999
oral/rat 2250 mg/kg (7-9D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TXCYAC 86,163,1994
oral/rat 2520 mg/kg (1-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)TXAPA9 26,253,1973
oral/rat 8820 mg/kg (7-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
TOLED5 69,197,1993
oral/rat 19 gm/kg (3-22D preg/3-20D after birth)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TOSCF2 43,47,1998
oral/rat 1500 mg/kg (15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
JJATDK 17,223,1997
oral/rat 6750 mg/kg (0-8D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
REPTED 14,13,2000
oral/rat 23 mg/kg (15-22D preg/15D after birth)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTXCYAC 203,221,2004
oral/rat 230 mg/kg (15-22D preg/15D after birth)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects
TXCYAC 203,221,2004
oral/rat 1164 mg/kg (75D prior to copulation/1-22D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TXCYAC 205,131,2004
oral/rat 4850 mg/kg (75D prior to copulation/1-22D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TXCYAC 205,131,2004
oral/rat 270 mg/kg (12-20D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,281,2005
oral/rat 2500 mg/kg (10-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TOXID9 78,118,2004
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 3500 mg/kg (13-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 3000 mg/kg (14-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 2500 mg/kg (15-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 2000 mg/kg (16-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 1500 mg/kg (17-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (18-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 500 mg/kg (19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine systemTOXID9 78,188,2004
oral/rat 3000 mg/kg (12-17D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 78,190,2004
oral/rat 3750 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TOXID9 78,282,2004
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus
TOXID9 78,282,2004
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicTOXID9 1,72,2001
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TOXID9 60,216,2001
oral/rat 2500 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TOXID9 90,316,2006
oral/rat 3750 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)TXCYAC 240,86,2007
oral/rat 2500 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
TXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat 2500 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsTXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat 1250 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicTXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathTXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat 3750 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)TXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat 83 gm/kg (129D pre-15D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects
TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat 80 gm/kg (61D male/61D pre-15D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat 53.5 gm/kg (94D pre-15D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)
TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat 60.5 gm/kg (132D prior to copulation/1-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat 121 gm/kg (132D prior to copulation/1-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
TOPADD 31,397,2003
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
TOPADD 31,397,2003
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOPADD 31,397,2003
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TOPADD 32,79,2004
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
TOPADD 32,79,2004
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (15-16D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (16-17D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (16-17D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsBDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (17-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (17-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effectsBDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (18-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (19-20D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 1000 mg/kg (14-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
BDERB* 74,277,2005
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTERP1* -,297,2004
oral/rat 900 mg/kg (13-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TOXID9 -,10,2008
oral/rat 4500 mg/kg (13-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TOXID9 -,10,2008
oral/rat 500 mg/kg (19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
TXCYAC 255,80,2009
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)TOXID9 -,32,2009
oral/mouse 2500 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring)TOXID9 -,352,2009
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death
TOXID9 -,354,2009
oral/rat 4000 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemTOXID9 -,354,2009
oral/rat 3750 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
TXCYAC 260,120,2009
oral/rat 900 mg/kg (12-20D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusREPTED 29,99,2010
oral/rat 3000 mg/kg (12-20D preg/21D after birth)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusREPTED 29,99,2010
oral/rat 4656 mg/kg (12-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
BDERB* 86,345,2009
oral/rat 3100 mg/kg (12D preg-21D after birth)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic
TXCYAC 262,215,2009
oral/rat 5000 mg/kg (12-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
REPTED 26,107,2008
oral/mouse 46200 mg/kg (1-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)ENVRAL 22,245,1980
oral/rat 2 gm/kg (15D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio
TOSCF2 45,212,1998
oral/rat 1.5 gm/kg (15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TOSCF2 45,212,1998
oral/rat 501 mg/kg (10D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusPHTOEH 89,104,2001
unreported route/rat 2500 mg/kg (14-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 -,117,2009
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (16-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 42,176,1998
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (15-16D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,113,2005
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (16-17D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,113,2005
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (17-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,113,2005
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (18-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,113,2005
unreported route/rat 1000 mg/kg (19-20D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemTOXID9 44,113,2005

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 219 gm/kg/1Y- continuousTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Other reproductive system tumors
TIHEEC 25,189,2009

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Human, lung tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 94.9 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.JOETD7 135,492,2011
In Vitro/Human, lung tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 71.2 mg/L/72HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.JOETD7 135,492,2011
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 25 gm/m3Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma
ENTOX* -,1,2005
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 25 gm/m3/2H85GMAT -,44,1982
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 4250 mg/m3GTPZAB 17(8),26,1973
intramuscular/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): >8 gm/kg14CYAT 2,1904,1963
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3570 mg/kgJSCCA5 28,667,1977
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 gm/kgENTOX* -,1,2005
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3050 µL/kgJPMSAE 61,51,1972
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 720 mg/kgKEKHB8 (3),19,1973
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 gm/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Withdrawal

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
GTPZAB 24(3),25,1980
oral/human lowest published toxic dose: 140 mg/kgBehavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes
SMWOAS 84,1243,1954
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5 gm/kgGISAAA 39(4),86,1974
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3474 mg/kgWDZAEK 5,264,1991
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7499 mg/kgWDZAEK 5,264,1991
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2394 mg/kgReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductTOLED5 138,215,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 52 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
TPKVAL 15,123,1979
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): >20 mL/kgUCDS** 12/29/1971
skin/rat lowest published lethal dose: 6 gm/kg85GMAT -,44,1982
unreported route/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8140 mg/kgBehavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
GISAAA 55(6),86,1990
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9410 mg/kgBehavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
GISAAA 55(6),86,1990

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 900 mg/m3/6H/35D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Blood: Normocytic anemia

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
GTPZAB 17(8),26,1973
intramuscular/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 151200 mg/kg/18W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
NTIS** #PB85144798
intramuscular/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 151200 mg/kg/18W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight
NTIS** #PB85144798
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4557 mg/kg/1W- continuousNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainNTIS** #PB92111996
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 77469 mg/kg/17W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight
NTIS** #PB92111996
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 77469 mg/kg/17W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
NTIS** #PB92111996
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/7D- intermittentReproductive: Maternal effects: Parturition

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
EVHPAZ 3,91,1973
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 219 gm/kg/1Y- continuousLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
TIHEEC 25,189,2009
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 219 gm/kg/1Y- continuousLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight
TIHEEC 25,189,2009
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 54600 mg/kg/13W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight
NTPTR* NIH-95-3353
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 17000 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXCYAC 207,149,2005
oral/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 33600 mg/kg/12W- intermittentEndocrine: Androgenic

Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weight

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TOSCF2 72,301,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3750 mg/kg/15D- intermittentEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunctionTOSCF2 69,92,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7500 mg/kg/15D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction
TOSCF2 69,92,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 mg/kg/15D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TOSCF2 69,92,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28000 mg/kg/4W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
REPTED 18,35,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1680 mg/kg/4W- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic alkalosisREPTED 18,35,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weightREPTED 18,35,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22500 mg/kg/30D- intermittentEndocrine: Other changes

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
TOXID9 44,113,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/13W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXCYAC 203,41,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 91000 mg/kg/13W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXCYAC 204,109,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 38850 mg/kg/12W- intermittentReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vaginaTXCYAC 205,103,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4000 mg/kg/8D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
TOXID9 78,282,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 33012 mg/kg/12W- intermittentEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TXCYAC 213,13,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22500 mg/kg/30D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
TOXID9 90,219,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22500 mg/kg/30D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)TXCYAC 234,103,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 mg/kg/30D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightTXCYAC 234,103,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3750 mg/kg/5D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainTXCYAC 232,286,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 96 gm/kg/192D- intermittentEndocrine: Other changesTOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 121 gm/kg/145D- intermittentEndocrine: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight
TOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 60.5 gm/kg/145D- intermittentEndocrine: Changes in pituitary weightTOSCF2 93,189,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11250 mg/kg/9D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weightREPTED 14,13,2000
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 13500 mg/kg/9D- intermittentBehavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Endocrine: Estrogenic
REPTED 14,13,2000
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4500 mg/kg/9D- intermittentBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
REPTED 14,13,2000
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6750 mg/kg/9D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight
REPTED 14,13,2000
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28000 mg/kg/10D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
ATSUDG 4,452,1980
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 96750 mg/kg/45D- intermittentEndocrine: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
GISAAA 33(6),102,1968
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 42 gm/kg/28D- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
NTIS** OTS0530401
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4 gm/kg/4D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weightTXAPA9 41,609,1977
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/13W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight

Blood: Normocytic anemia
NTPTR* NIH-95-3353
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22750 mg/kg/1Y- continuousBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
TXAPA9 26,253,1973
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7500 mg/kg/15D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
ARTODN 64,148,1990
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 gm/kg/10D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
JJTHEC 65,813,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 gm/kg/10D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
JJTHEC 65,813,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 700 mg/kg/14D- intermittentEndocrine: Changes in adrenal weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
FCTOD7 42,107,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
FCTOD7 42,107,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 14 gm/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weightFCTOD7 42,107,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 8000 mg/kg/8D- intermittentEndocrine: Other changes

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
EVHPAZ 111,139,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1500 mg/kg/30D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductTXAPA9 248,28,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7500 mg/kg/30D- intermittentEndocrine: Androgenic

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TXAPA9 248,28,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4500 mg/kg/90D- intermittentEndocrine: Androgenic

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXAPA9 248,28,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10000 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
JTPAE7 17,177,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2500 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
JTPAE7 17,177,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 625 mg/kg/4W- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)JTPAE7 17,177,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 15000 mg/kg/30D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
JTSCDR 33,299,2008
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 26000 mg/kg/65D- intermittentEndocrine: Change in LH

Endocrine: Other changes

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TOXID9 -,354,2009
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 18 gm/kg/9D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
BCLPT* 100,43,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5000 mg/kg/10D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainREPTED 26,107,2008
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3600 mg/kg/9D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
JTEHF8 67,2045,2004

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 5 mg/m3DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRREVAH 54,1,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEVHPAZ 4,3,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCMTVAS 10(3),49,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWESKHA5 (93),1,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWJACTDZ 4(3),267,1985
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFAATDF 13,747,1989
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 197,178,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWREPTED 20,441,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBPCEM* 16,105,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,258,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWIJTOFN 24,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCRTXB2 36,695,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWREPTED 22,291,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,649,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 17,495,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 53,90,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,231,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWREPTED 31,363,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 728,118,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 285,83,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWREPTED 34,298,2012

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESCancelledRBREV* -,270,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3DTLVS* 3,75,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 5 mg/m3, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 5 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 0.05 ppm (0.58 mg/m3), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-INDIAtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 5 mg/m3, s2 sen, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 5 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 10 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 0.5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 1.5 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.05 ppm (0.58 mg/m3), KZG-week 0.1 ppm (1.16 mg/m3), inhal, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO DIBUTYL PHTHALATE-air10H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 80248; Number of Industries 199; Total Number of Facilities 31502; Number of Occupations 138; Total Number of Employees Exposed 512631; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 198249
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 80248; Number of Industries 192; Total Number of Facilities 28100; Number of Occupations 114; Total Number of Employees Exposed 258823

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/2001/109104/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-reversion
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULEFEREAC 47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Dibutyl phthalate, 5020
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 2000
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-30, October 2000
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #104
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