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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Ethane, bromo-

RTECS #

KH6475000

CAS #

74-96-4

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

108.98

Molecular Formula

C2H5Br

Synonyms

Bromic ether
Bromoethane
Bromure d'ethyle
Ethyl bromide
Ethyl bromide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Etylu bromek (Polish)
Halon 2001
Hydrobromic ether
Monobromoethane
NCI-C55481

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
DNA Damage/Saccharomyes cerevisiae7300 mg/L/17HMUREAV 633,80,2007
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium75 ng/plate (+enzymatic activation step)NTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster100 mg/LEMMUEG 13,60,1989

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors		NTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm /104W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm /104W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm /104W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Brain and Coverings: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Brain and Coverings: Tumors		NTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/cat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 550000 mg/m3/40MVCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 80000 mg/m3/1HBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Ataxia		VCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 44000 mg/m3Behavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000000 ppm/16MHPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 1700 ppm/810MLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2723 ppm/4HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: DyspneaHPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 16200 ppm/1HHPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 16230 ppm/1HBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea		AMRL** TR-72-62,1972
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 85000 mg/m3/15MBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/mouse Lowest published lethal concentration: 15000 mg/m3/6HCardiac: Other changes

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes		VCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 36000 mg/m3/2HVCVGH* -,572,1990
inhalation/rabbit Lowest published lethal concentration: 40000 mg/m3VCVGH* -,584,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 4681 ppm/4HBehavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 534000 mg/m3/4HVCVGH* -,572,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 26980 ppm/1HAMRL** TR-72-62,1972
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 573 mg/kgVCVGH* -,572,1990
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1750 mg/kgJPCEAO 320,133,1978
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1350 mg/kg85GMAT -,65,1982

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 1 pph/6H/14D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm /14D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm /14D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field		HPV224 -,-,2002
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 47 mg/m3/4H/20W- intermittentLiver: Other changesVCVGH* -,585,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 47 mg/m3/4H/20W- intermittentLiver: Other changesVCVGH* -,585,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 2 pph/6H/14D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1600 ppm/6H/14W- intermittentBlood: Changes in spleen

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field		NTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm /14D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage		HPV224 -,-,2002
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1500 mg/kg/3D- intermittentReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins		TXAPA9 209,226,2005
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1500 mg/kg/3D- intermittentReproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vaginaTXAPA9 209,226,2005

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 5 ppm (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 52,299,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1305,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 71,1305,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 3IMEMDT 71,1305,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,283,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHETOEA 25,413,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTIHEEC 24,655,2008

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,105,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (23 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 200 ppm (890 mg/m3), C3 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 50 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (1110 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22.3 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 50 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 400 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 22 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 300 ppm (890 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (890 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 31900; Number of Industries 15; Total Number of Facilities 1452; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 12285; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1535
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 31900; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 14; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 196

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);clear evidence:mouse
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);equivocal evidence:rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethyl bromide, 1011
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (inhalation);some evidence:rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-363,1989
On EPA IRIS database

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