Sporosarcina

The cells of the species of Sporosarcina are either rod-shaped or coccoid.[1] Sporosarcina forms endospores. The majority species of Sporosarcina is moveable (motile).

All species of Sporosarcina are heterotrophic. They do not perform photosynthesis.[1] A few species are obligate aerobic, they need oxygen. Others are facultative aerobic, they can also perform metabolism in the absence of oxygen.[1]

Some species, such as S. ureae have the enzyme urease and are thus able to break down urea.[1] The species forms the highest population densities in soils that are subject to influence of urine. These include, for example, meadows where cattle are kept. Thus S. ureae plays an important role in the ecosystem.[2]

Sporosarcina belongs to the firmicutes.[3] Some examples of species:

• Sporosarcina luteola Tominaga et al. 2009
• Sporosarcina aquimarina Yoon et al. 2001
• Sporosarcina contaminans Kämpfer et al. 2010
• Sporosarcina globispora (Larkin and Stokes 1967) Yoon et al. 2001
• Sporosarcina newyorkensis Wolfgang et al. 2012
• Sporosarcina pasteurii (Miquel 1889) Yoon et al. 2001
• Sporosarcina psychrophila (Nakamura 1984) Yoon et al. 2001
• Sporosarcina saromensis An et al. 2007
• Sporosarcina siberiensis Zhang et al. 2014
• Sporosarcina soli Kwon et al. 2007
• Sporosarcina terrae Sun et al. 2017
• Sporosarcina thermotolerans Kämpfer et al. 2010
• Sporosarcina ureae (Beijerinck 1901) Kluyver and van Niel 1936