Efungumab

Efungumab
Monoclonal antibody
Type	Single-chain variable fragment
Source	Human
Target	fungal Hsp90
Clinical data
Trade names	Mycograb
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
ATC code	none;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Not applicable (IV only)
Protein binding	High
Elimination half-life	1–2 hours
Identifiers
ChemSpider	none;
UNII	BM86P708HW;
KEGG	D09711;
Chemical and physical data
Molar mass	Approximately 27.2 kg/mol
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Efungumab (trade name Mycograb) was a drug developed by NeuTec Pharma (a subsidiary of Novartis), intended to treat invasive Candida infection in combination with amphotericin B. The European Medicines Agency has twice refused to grant marketing authorization for Mycograb, citing product safety and quality issues.[1]

Chemically, efungumab is a single-chain variable fragment of a human monoclonal antibody.[2] As such, it "grabs" onto fungal hsp90, hence it's proposed trade name.

Its ability to potentiate the effects of the antifungal amphotericin B in culture were later found to be non-specific.[3]

References

European Medicines Agency (2007). "REFUSAL CHMP ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR MYCOGRAB. Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/658" (PDF). (370 KiB). London: European Medicines Agency. Retrieved on 2007-11-20. Detailed assessment report with comprehensive overview of reasons for refusal of marketing authorization.
World Health Organization (2006). "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 95" (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 20 (2): 48.
Richie DL, Ghannoum MA, Isham N, Thompson KV, Ryder NS (2012). "Nonspecific effect of Mycograb on amphotericin B MIC". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56 (7): 3963–4. doi:10.1128/AAC.00435-12. PMC 3393390. PMID 22508314.

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[1] European Medicines Agency (2007). "REFUSAL CHMP ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR MYCOGRAB. Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/658" (PDF). (370 KiB). London: European Medicines Agency. Retrieved on 2007-11-20. Detailed assessment report with comprehensive overview of reasons for refusal of marketing authorization.

[WHOList95-2] World Health Organization (2006). "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 95" (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 20 (2): 48.

[3] Richie DL, Ghannoum MA, Isham N, Thompson KV, Ryder NS (2012). "Nonspecific effect of Mycograb on amphotericin B MIC". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56 (7): 3963–4. doi:10.1128/AAC.00435-12. PMC 3393390. PMID 22508314.