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1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane

May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 594–72–9

NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (10 mg/m3) TWA

Current OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) CEILING

1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (10 mg/m3) TWA

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (12 mg/m3) TWA

Description of Substance: Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor.

LEL:. . Unknown

Original (SCP) IDLH: 150 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the study by Machle et al. [1945] in which autopsies on animals exposed to over 170 ppm for over 30 minutes revealed pulmonary edema and hemorrhage, with damage to the heart, liver, and kidneys.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:


Species

Reference
LC50

(ppm)

LCLo

(ppm)


Time
Adjusted 0.5-hr

LC (CF)

Derived

value

Rabbit

G. pig

Rabbit

G. pig

Rabbit

G. pig

Machle et al. 1945

Machle et al. 1945

Machle et al. 1945

Machle et al. 1945

Machle et al. 1945

Machle et al. 1945

170

170

97

97

52

52

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-----

-----

-----

-----

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30 min

30 min

6 hr

6 hr

18.75 hr

18.75 hr

170 ppm (1.0)

170 ppm (1.0)

223 ppm (2.3)

223 ppm (2.3)

172 ppm (3.33)

172 ppm (3.33)

17 ppm

17 ppm

22 ppm

22 ppm

17 ppm

17 ppm


Other animal data: Animals have tolerated 25 ppm for 204 hours [ Machle et al. 1945].

Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.

Revised IDLH: 25 ppm

Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for 1,1-dichloro-1-nitroethane is 25 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Machle et al. 1945]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers.


REFERENCE:

1. Machle W, Scott EW, Treon JF, Heyroth FF, Kitzmiller KV [1945]. The physiological response of animals to certain chlorinated mononitroparaffins. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 27(4):95-102.

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