1-Nitropropane

CAS number: 108–03–2

NIOSH REL: 25 ppm (90 mg/m³) TWA

Current OSHA PEL: 25 ppm (90 mg/m³) TWA

1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 25 ppm (91 mg/m³) TWA

Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a somewhat disagreeable odor.

LEL: . . 2.2% (10% LEL, 2,200 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 2,300 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on an analogy with 2-nitropropane which has an IDLH of 2,300 ppm. The animal data for 1-nitropropane given in Patty [1963] (i.e., 5,000 ppm for 3 hours killed 2 of 2 rabbits and 2 of 2 guinea pigs; 10,000 ppm for 1 hour killed 0 of 2 rabbits and 2 of 2 guinea pigs [Machle et al. 1940]) have not been used to determine the IDLH for 1-nitropropane because cats, which were far more susceptible to 2-nitropropane than guinea pigs or rabbits, were not used to study the effects of 1-nitropropane.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:

Lethal concentration data:

Species	Reference	LC50 (ppm)	LCLo (ppm)	Time	Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF)	Derived value
Rabbit	Marhold 1986	LC100: 5,000	-----	3 hr	9,000 ppm (1.8)	900 ppm
Rabbit	Machle et al. 1940	LC100: 5,000	-----	3 hr	9,000 ppm (1.8)	900 ppm
G. pig	Machle et al. 1940	LC100: 5,000	-----	3 hr	9,000 ppm (1.8)	900 ppm
G. pig	Machle et al. 1940	LC100: 10,000	-----	1 hr	12,500 ppm (1.25)	1,250 ppm
Rat	NPIRI 1974	3,100	-----	8 hr	7,750 ppm (2.5)	775 ppm

Lethal dose data:

Species	Reference	Route	LD50 (mg/kg)	LDLo (mg/kg)	Adjusted LD	Derived value
Mouse Rabbit Rat	Gig Sanit 1967 Machle 1940 NPIRI 1974	oral oral oral	800 ----- 455	----- 250 -----	1,514 ppm 473 ppm 861 ppm	151 ppm 47 ppm 86 ppm

Other animal data: It has been reported that rabbits survived a 1-hour exposure to 10,000 ppm [Machle et al. 1940].

Human data: Volunteers found brief exposures to concentrations exceeding 100 ppm to cause eye irritation [Silverman et al. 1946].

Revised IDLH: 1,000 ppm Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for 1-nitropropane is 1,000 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Machle et al. 1940; Marhold 1986; NPIRI 1974]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data in workers exposed to concentrations above 100 ppm.

REFERENCES:

1. Gig Sanit [1967]; 32(9):9 (in Russian).

2. Machle W, Scott EW, Treon J [1940]. The physiological response of animals to some simple mononitroparaffins and to certain derivatives of these compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 22(8):315-332.

3. Marhold J [1986]. Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie, Organicke Latky. Prague, Czechoslovakia: Avicenum, p. 404 (in Czechoslovakian).

4. NPIRI [1974]. Raw materials data handbook, physical and chemical properties, fire hazard and health hazard data. Vol. 1. Organic solvents. Bethlehem, PA: National Printing Ink Research Institute, p. 91.

5. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., pp. 2077-2078.

6. Silverman L, Schulte HF, First MW [1946]. Further studies on sensory response to certain industrial solvent vapors. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28:262-266.