Issue 17, April 28, 2015
CDC Science Clips: Volume 7, Issue 17, April 28, 2015
Each Tuesday, to enhance awareness of emerging scientific knowledge, selected science clips will be posted here for the public health community. The focus is applied public health research and prevention science that has the capacity to improve health now.
The report consists of these components:
Top Ten Articles of the Week
Selected weekly by a senior CDC scientist from the standard sections listed below.Chronic Diseases and Conditions
- Determinants of venous thromboembolism among hospitalizations of US adults: a multilevel analysis
Tsai J, Grant AM, Beckman MG, Grosse SD, Yusuf HR, Richardson LC.
PLoS One. 2015 ;10(4):e0123842.
- Determinants of venous thromboembolism among hospitalizations of US adults: a multilevel analysis
Communicable Diseases
- Outbreak of gastroenteritis in adults due to rotavirus genotype G12P[8]
Pacilli M, Cortese MM, Smith S, Siston A, Samala U, Bowen MD, Parada JP, Tam KI, Rungsrisuriyachai K, Roy S, Esona MD, Black SR.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 13. - Measles - United States, January 4-April 2, 2015
Clemmons NS, Gastanaduy PA, Fiebelkorn AP, Redd SB, Wallace GS.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 17;64(14):373-376.
- Outbreak of gastroenteritis in adults due to rotavirus genotype G12P[8]
Community Health Services
- Characteristics of joint use agreements in school districts in the United States: findings from the School Health Policies and Practices Study, 2012
Everett Jones S, Wendel AM.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2015 ;12:E50.
- Characteristics of joint use agreements in school districts in the United States: findings from the School Health Policies and Practices Study, 2012
Epidemiology and Surveillance
- Infectious disease modeling methods as tools for informing response to novel influenza viruses of unknown pandemic potential
Gambhir M, Bozio C, O'Hagan JJ, Uzicanin A, Johnson LE, Biggerstaff M, Swerdlow DL.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S11-9.
- Infectious disease modeling methods as tools for informing response to novel influenza viruses of unknown pandemic potential
Immunity and Immunization
- Estimating the potential effects of a vaccine program against an emerging influenza pandemic - United States
Biggerstaff M, Reed C, Swerdlow DL, Gambhir M, Graitcer S, Finelli L, Borse RH, Rasmussen SA, Meltzer MI, Bridges CB.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S20-9.
- Estimating the potential effects of a vaccine program against an emerging influenza pandemic - United States
Laboratory Sciences
- Performance of ARCHITECT HCV core antigen test with specimens from US plasma donors and injecting drug users
Mixson-Hayden T, Dawson GJ, Teshale E, Le T, Cheng K, Drobeniuc J, Ward J, Kamili S.
J Clin Virol. 2015 May;66:15-8. - Development of Ss-NIE-1 recombinant antigen based assays for immunodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis
Rascoe LN, Price C, Shin SH, McAuliffe I, Priest JW, Handali S.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Apr;9(4):e0003694. - Evaluation of locally established reference intervals for hematology and biochemistry parameters in Western Kenya
Odhiambo C, Oyaro B, Odipo R, Otieno F, Alemnji G, Williamson J, Zeh C.
PLoS One. 2015 ;10(4):e0123140.
- Performance of ARCHITECT HCV core antigen test with specimens from US plasma donors and injecting drug users
Nutritional Sciences
- Assessing the association between natural food folate intake and blood folate concentrations: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of trials and observational studies
Marchetta CM, Devine OJ, Crider KS, Tsang BL, Cordero AM, Qi YP, Guo J, Berry RJ, Rosenthal J, Mulinare J, Mersereau P, Hamner HC.
Nutrients. 2015 ;7(4):2663-86.
- Assessing the association between natural food folate intake and blood folate concentrations: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of trials and observational studies
CDC Authored Publications
The names of CDC authors are indicated in bold text.
Articles published in the past 6-8 weeks authored by CDC or ATSDR staff.Chronic Diseases and Conditions
- Association of socioeconomic position with sensory impairment among US working-aged adults
Chou CF, Beckles GL, Zhang X, Saaddine JB.
Am J Public Health. 2015 Apr 16:e1-e7. - Racial and ethnic differences among amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases in the United States
Rechtman L, Jordan H, Wagner L, Horton DK, Kaye W.
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2015 Mar;16(1-2):65-71. - Explaining variation across grantees in breast and cervical cancer screening proportions in the NBCCEDP
Subramanian S, Tangka FK, Ekwueme DU, Trogdon J, Crouse W, Royalty J.
Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Apr 4. - Invasive cancer incidence - Puerto Rico, 2007-2011
O'Neil ME, Henley SJ, Singh SD, Wilson RJ, Ortiz-Ortiz KJ, Rios NP, Torres Cintron CR, Luna GT, Zavala Zegarra DE, Ryerson AB.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 17;64(14):389-393. - The association between circulating total folate and folate vitamers with overall survival after postmenopausal breast cancer diagnosis
McEligot AJ, Ziogas A, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Anton-Culver H.
Nutr Cancer. 2015 Apr;67(3):442-8. - Airport noise and self-reported sleep insufficiency, United States, 2008 and 2009
Holt JB, Zhang X, Sizov N, Croft JB.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2015 ;12:E49.
- Association of socioeconomic position with sensory impairment among US working-aged adults
Communicable Diseases
- High mortality among non-HIV-infected people who inject drugs in Bangkok, Thailand, 2005-2012
Vanichseni S, Martin M, Suntharasamai P, Sangkum U, Mock PA, Gvetadze RJ, Curlin ME, Leethochawalit M, Chiamwongpaet S, Chaipung B, McNicholl JM, Paxton LA, Kittimunkong S, Choopanya K.
Am J Public Health. 2015 Apr 16:e1-e6. - The high risk of an HIV diagnosis following a diagnosis of syphilis: a population-level analysis of New York City men
Pathela P, Braunstein SL, Blank S, Shepard C, Schillinger JA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 13. - Hepatitis C virus antibody positivity and predictors among previously undiagnosed adult primary care outpatients: cross-sectional analysis of a multisite retrospective cohort study
Smith BD, Yartel AK, Krauskopf K, Massoud OI, Brown KA, Fallon MB, Rein DB.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 15;60(8):1145-52. - Analysis of risk factors for tuberculous infection following exposure at a homeless shelter
Munn MS, Duchin JS, Kay M, Pecha M, Thibault CS, Narita M.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 May;19(5):570-5. - Addressing the challenges of the HIV continuum of care in high-prevalence cities in the United States
Greenberg AE, Purcell DW, Gordon CM, Barasky RJ, Del Rio C.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015 May 1;69 Suppl 1:S1-7. - Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the North American Arctic, 2000-2010
Gounder PP, Zulz T, Desai S, Stenz F, Rudolph K, Tsang R, Tyrrell GJ, Bruce MG.
J Infect. 2015 Apr 9. - Temporal trends in HIV-1 incidence and risk behaviours in men who have sex with men in Bangkok, Thailand, 2006-13: an observational study
van Griensven F, Holtz TH, Thienkrua W, Chonwattana W, Wimonsate W, Chaikummao S, Varangrat A, Chemnasiri T, Sukwicha W, Curlin ME, Samandari T, Chitwarakorn A, Mock PA.
Lancet HIV. 2015 01 Feb;2(2):64-70. - Tuberculosis and vitamin D: what's the rest of the story?
Cegielski P, Vernon A.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 8. - Ebola transmission linked to a single traditional funeral ceremony - Kissidougou, Guinea, December, 2014-January 2015
Victory KR, Coronado F, Ifono SO, Soropogui T, Dahl BA.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 17;64(14):386-388. - Understanding sexual activity and chlamydia testing rate based on linked national survey and Medicaid claims data
Tao G, Hua J, Chen JL.
PLoS One. 2015 ;10(4):e0122927. - Sexually transmitted infection clinics as safety net providers: exploring the role of categorical sexually transmitted infection clinics in an era of health care reform
Pathela P, Klingler EJ, Guerry SL, Bernstein KT, Kerani RP, Llata L, Mark HD, Tabidze I, Rietmeijer CA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2015 May;42(5):286-93.
- High mortality among non-HIV-infected people who inject drugs in Bangkok, Thailand, 2005-2012
Disaster Control and Emergency Services
- Potential demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Pillai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S42-51. - Estimates of the demand for mechanical ventilation in the United States during an influenza pandemic
Meltzer MI, Patel A, Ajao A, Nystrom SV, Koonin LM.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S52-7. - Estimating the United States demand for influenza antivirals and the effect on severe influenza disease during a potential pandemic
O'Hagan JJ, Wong KK, Campbell AP, Patel A, Swerdlow DL, Fry AM, Koonin LM, Meltzer MI.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S30-41.
- Potential demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States
Epidemiology and Surveillance
- Modeling the effect of school closures in a pandemic scenario: exploring two different contact matrices
Fung IC, Gambhir M, Glasser JW, Gao H, Washington ML, Uzicanin A, Meltzer MI.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S58-63. - Standardizing scenarios to assess the need to respond to an influenza pandemic
Meltzer MI, Gambhir M, Atkins CY, Swerdlow DL.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S1-8. - Using results from infectious disease modeling to improve the response to a potential H7N9 influenza pandemic
Rasmussen SA, Redd SC.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 1;60 Suppl 1:S9-s10. - Assessing electronic death registration and American Red Cross systems for mortality surveillance during Hurricane Sandy, October 29-November 10, 2012, New York City
Howland RE, Madsen AM, Nicaj L, Noe RS, Casey-Lockyer M, Begier E.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2014 Dec;8(6):489-91.
- Modeling the effect of school closures in a pandemic scenario: exploring two different contact matrices
Food Safety
- 2013 multistate outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infections associated with fresh produce: focus on the Texas investigations
Abanyie F, Harvey RR, Harris JR, Wiegand RE, Gaul L, Desvignes-Kendrick M, Irvin K, Williams I, Hall RL, Herwaldt B, Gray EB, Qvarnstrom Y, Wise ME, Cantu V, Cantey PT, Bosch S, da Silva A, Fields A, Bishop H, Wellman A, Beal J, Wilson N, Fiore AE, Tauxe R, Lance S, Slutsker L, Parise M.
Epidemiol Infect. 2015 Apr 13:1-8. - Nationwide outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg infections associated with ground turkey: United States, 2011
Routh JA, Pringle J, Mohr M, Bidol S, Arends K, Adams-Cameron M, Hancock WT, Kissler B, Rickert R, Folster J, Tolar B, Bosch S, Barton Behravesh C, Williams IT, Gieraltowski L.
Epidemiol Infect. 2015 Apr 13:1-8. - Notes from the field: campylobacteriosis outbreak associated with consuming undercooked chicken liver pate - Ohio and Oregon, December 2013-January 2014
Scott MK, Geissler A, Poissant T, DeBess E, Melius B, Eckmann K, Salehi E, Cieslak PR.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 17;64(14):399.
- 2013 multistate outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infections associated with fresh produce: focus on the Texas investigations
Genetics and Genomics
- The genome sequence of four isolates from the family Lichtheimiaceae
Chibucos MC, Etienne KA, Orvis J, Lee H, Daugherty S, Lockhart SR, Ibrahim AS, Bruno VM.
Pathog Dis. 2015 Apr 9.
- The genome sequence of four isolates from the family Lichtheimiaceae
Healthcare Economics
- Cost analysis of tests for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in children in Western Kenya
Worrell CM, Bartoces M, Karanja DM, Ochola EA, Matete DO, Mwinzi PN, Montgomery SP, Secor WE.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Apr 13. - The cost of acute respiratory infections in Northern India: a multi-site study
Peasah SK, Purakayastha DR, Koul PA, Dawood FS, Saha S, Amarchand R, Broor S, Rastogi V, Assad R, Kaul KA, Widdowson MA, Lal RB, Krishnan A.
BMC Public Health. 2015 ;15(1):330. - Legislations and policies to expand mental health and substance abuse benefits in health insurance plans: a community guide systematic economic review
Jacob V, Qu S, Chattopadhyay S, Sipe TA, Knopf JA, Goetzel RZ, Finnie R, Thota AB.
J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2015 Mar;18(1):39-48.
- Cost analysis of tests for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in children in Western Kenya
Immunity and Immunization
- Polling places, pharmacies, and public health: Vote & Vax 2012
Shenson D, Moore RT, Benson W, Anderson LA.
Am J Public Health. 2015 Apr 16:e1-e4. - Interventions to improve adolescent vaccination coverage
Stokley S.
J Adolesc Health. 2015 May;56(5 Suppl):S3-4. - Field study of fecal excretion as a decision support tool in response to silent reintroduction of wild-type poliovirus 1 into Israel
Moran-Gilad J, Mendelson E, Burns CC, Bassal R, Gdalevich M, Sofer D, Oberste MS, Shulman LM, Kaliner E, Hindiye M, Mor O, Shahar L, Iber J, Yishay R, Manor J, Lev B, Gamzu R, Grotto I.
J Clin Virol. 2015 May;66:51-5. - Antibody to the influenza neuraminidase: an independent correlate of protection
Monto AS, Petrie JG, Cross RT, Johnson E, Liu M, Zhong W, Levine M, Katz JM, Ohmit SE.
J Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 8. - Childhood vaccination coverage rates among military dependents in the United States
Dunn AC, Black CL, Arnold J, Brodine S, Waalen J, Binkin N.
Pediatrics. 2015 Apr 13.
- Polling places, pharmacies, and public health: Vote & Vax 2012
Informatics
- Towards a framework for evaluating and grading evidence in public health
Harder T, Abu Sin M, Bosch-Capblanch X, Bruno C, de Carvalho Gomes H, Duclos P, Eckmanns T, Elder R, Ellis S, Forland F, Garner P, James R, Jansen A, Krause G, Levy-Bruhl D, Morgan A, Meerpohl JJ, Norris S, Rehfuess E, Sanchez-Vivar A, Schunemann H, Takla A, Wichmann O, Zingg W, Zuiderent-Jerak T.
Health Policy. 2015 Mar 23. - U.S. general population estimate for "excellent" to "poor" self-rated health item
Hays RD, Spritzer KL, Thompson WW, Cella D.
J Gen Intern Med. 2015 Apr 2.
- Towards a framework for evaluating and grading evidence in public health
Laboratory Sciences
- Evaluation of point-of-contact circulating cathodic antigen assays for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in low-, moderate-, and high-prevalence schools in Western Kenya
Foo KT, Blackstock AJ, Ochola EA, Matete DO, Mwinzi PN, Montgomery SP, Karanja DM, Secor WE.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Apr 13. - Real-time PCR and sequencing assays for rapid detection and identification of avian schistosomes in environmental samples
Narayanan J, Mull BJ, Brant SV, Loker ES, Collinson J, Secor WE, Hill VR.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Apr 10. - Evaluation of using composite HPV genotyping assay results to monitor human papillomavirus infection burden through simulation
Lin CY.
BMC Infect Dis. 2015 ;15(1):123. - No more monkeying around: primate malaria model systems are key to understanding Plasmodium vivax liver-stage biology, hypnozoites, and relapses
Joyner C, Barnwell JW, Galinski MR.
Front Microbiol. 2015 ;6:145. - A network-patch methodology for adapting agent-based models for directly transmitted disease to mosquito-borne disease
Manore CA, Hickmann KS, Hyman JM, Foppa IM, Davis JK, Wesson DM, Mores CN.
J Biol Dyn. 2015 ;9(1):52-72. - Evaluation of DNA extraction methods for the detection of Cytomegalovirus in dried blood spots
Koontz D, Baecher K, Amin M, Nikolova S, Gallagher M, Dollard S.
J Clin Virol. 2015 May;66:95-9. - A(H7N9) virus results in early induction of proinflammatory cytokine responses in both human lung epithelial and endothelial cells and shows increased human adaptation compared with avian H5N1 virus
Zeng H, Belser JA, Goldsmith CS, Gustin KM, Veguilla V, Katz JM, Tumpey TM.
J Virol. 2015 Apr 15;89(8):4655-67. - Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for disease monitoring and control
Besser J.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015 ;1301:3-7. - Molecular subtyping of Clostridium botulinum by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
Luquez C, Joseph LA, Maslanka SE.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015 ;1301:103-13. - Sintered indium-tin oxide particles induce pro-inflammatory responses in vitro, in part through inflammasome activation
Badding MA, Schwegler-Berry D, Park JH, Fix NR, Cummings KJ, Leonard SS.
PLoS One. 2015 ;10(4):e0124368. - Evaluation of an ultrafiltration-based procedure for simultaneous recovery of diverse microbes in source waters
Kahler AM, Johnson TB, Hahn DH, Narayanan J, Derado G, Hill VR.
Water. 2015 ;7(3):1202-1216.
- Evaluation of point-of-contact circulating cathodic antigen assays for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in low-, moderate-, and high-prevalence schools in Western Kenya
Maternal and Child Health
- Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation joint project to enhance maternal and child health surveillance: focus on collaboration
Ahluwalia IB, Harrison L, Simpson P, Wako E, Helms Shealy K, Kapaya M, Williams T, Williams L, D'Angelo D.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2015 Apr;24(4):257-60.
- Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation joint project to enhance maternal and child health surveillance: focus on collaboration
Medicine
- Initiatives to enhance primary care delivery: two examples from the field
Losby JL, House MJ, Osuji T, O'Dell SA, Mirambeau AM, Elmi J, Chappelle E, Schlueter DF.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol. 2015 ;2.
- Initiatives to enhance primary care delivery: two examples from the field
Occupational Safety and Health
- Letter to the editor: Scientific rigor required for a re-examination of exchange rate for occupational noise measurements Re: Dobie, R.A., & Clark, W.W. (2014) Exchange rates for intermittent and fluctuating occupational noise: a systematic review of studies of human permanent threshold shift, Ear Hear, 35, 86-96
Morata TC, Themann CL, Byrne DC, Davis RR, Murphy WJ, Stephenson MR.
Ear Hear. 2015 Apr 10.
- Letter to the editor: Scientific rigor required for a re-examination of exchange rate for occupational noise measurements Re: Dobie, R.A., & Clark, W.W. (2014) Exchange rates for intermittent and fluctuating occupational noise: a systematic review of studies of human permanent threshold shift, Ear Hear, 35, 86-96
Parasitic Diseases
- Infections by intestinal coccidia and Giardia duodenalis
Cama VA, Mathison BA.
Clin Lab Med. 2015 .
- Infections by intestinal coccidia and Giardia duodenalis
Public Health Law
- Tribal water rights: exploring dam construction in Indian country
Church J, Ekechi CO, Hoss A, Larson AJ.
J Law Med Ethics. 2015 Mar;43 Suppl 1:60-3. - Domestic legal preparedness and response to Ebola
Hodge JG, Penn MS, Ransom M, Jordan JE.
J Law Med Ethics. 2015 Mar;43 Suppl 1:15-8. - Hospitals, collaboration, and community health improvement
Somerville MH, Seeff L, Hale D, O'Brien DJ.
J Law Med Ethics. 2015 Mar;43 Suppl 1:56-9.
- Tribal water rights: exploring dam construction in Indian country
Public Health, General
- The CDC clearance process: supporting quality science
Cono J, Jaffe H.
Am J Public Health. 2015 Apr 16:e1.
- The CDC clearance process: supporting quality science
Statistics as Topic
- Analysing behavioural risk factor surveillance data by using spatially and temporally varying coefficient models
Assaf S, Campostrini S, Xu F, Gotway Crawford C.
J R Stat Soc Ser A Stat Soc. 2015 .
- Analysing behavioural risk factor surveillance data by using spatially and temporally varying coefficient models
Substance Use and Abuse
- Tobacco use among middle and high school students - United States, 2011-2014
Arrazola RA, Singh T, Corey CG, Husten CG, Neff LJ, Apelberg BJ, Bunnell RE, Choiniere CJ, King BA, Cox S, McAfee T, Caraballo RS.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 17;64(14):381-385.
- Tobacco use among middle and high school students - United States, 2011-2014
Zoonoses
- Serological investigation of Heartland virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus) exposure in wild and domestic animals adjacent to human case sites in Missouri 2012-2013
Bosco-Lauth AM, Panella NA, Root JJ, Gidlewski T, Lash RR, Harmon JR, Burkhalter KL, Godsey MS, Savage HM, Nicholson WL, Komar N, Brault AC.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Apr 13. - Human granulocytic anaplasmosis in the United States from 2008 to 2012: a summary of national surveillance data
Dahlgren FS, Heitman KN, Drexler NA, Massung RF, Behravesh CB.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Apr 13. - Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in dogs from rural and slum communities of Los Rios Region, Chile
Lelu M, Munoz-Zanzi C, Higgins B, Galloway R.
BMC Vet Res. 2015 ;11(1):31. - Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies
Hampson K, Coudeville L, Lembo T, Sambo M, Kieffer A, Attlan M, Barrat J, Blanton JD, Briggs DJ, Cleaveland S, Costa P, Freuling CM, Hiby E, Knopf L, Leanes F, Meslin FX, Metlin A, Miranda ME, Muller T, Nel LH, Recuenco S, Rupprecht CE, Schumacher C, Taylor L, Vigilato MA, Zinsstag J, Dushoff J.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Apr;9(4):e0003709.
- Serological investigation of Heartland virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus) exposure in wild and domestic animals adjacent to human case sites in Missouri 2012-2013
CDC Science Clips Production Staff
- John Iskander, MD MPH, Editor
- Jane Gidudu, MD, MPH, Acting Editor
- Gail Bang, MLIS, Librarian
- William (Bill) Thomas, MLIS, Librarian
- Victoria Burchfield, MLIS, Librarian
- Kathleen Connick, MSLS, Librarian
- Jarvis Sims, MIT, MLIS, Librarian
- Mathieu Mazarin, BA, Web Developer/Designer
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DISCLAIMER: Articles listed in the CDC Science Clips are selected by the Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library to provide current awareness of the public health literature. An article's inclusion does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
- Page last reviewed: April 28, 2015
- Page last updated: April 28, 2015
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