Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

In Crohn’s disease, inflammation can occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract—from the mouth to the anus—but it most often affects the end of the small intestine where it joins the large intestine. Although patient receives treatment, they may still experience flare-ups. There also are periods that patients may not notice any symptoms.

In ulcerative colitis, inflammation occurs in the large intestine and the rectum. The symptoms mainly include diarrhea and abdominal pain. Ulcerative colitis is more common in men than women.

Diagnosis is not straightforward. A series of laboratory tests, endoscopies, radiology scans, or diagnostic imaging will be performed to make a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

IBD may affect other parts of the body outside the gastrointestinal tract. For example, patients may suffer from mouth sores, skin rashes, or kidney stones.

Moderate exercise can strengthen the body’s immune system and reduce depression and anxiety that are common among IBD patients. IBD patients should not smoke. Alcohol should be avoided during flares-up as it may make symptoms worse.