Thermus thermophilus

Thermus thermophilus is a Gram negative bacterium used in a range of biotechnological applications, including as a model organism for genetic manipulation, structural genomics, and systems biology. The bacterium is extremely thermophilic, with an optimal growth temperature of about 65 °C (149 °F). Thermus thermophilus was originally isolated from a thermal vent within a hot spring in Izu, Japan by Tairo Oshima and Kazutomo Imahori.[1] The organism has also been found to be important in the degradation of organic materials in the thermogenic phase of composting.[2] T. thermophilus is classified into several strains, of which HB8 and HB27 are the most commonly used in laboratory environments. Genome analyses of these strains were independently completed in 2004.[3]

Thermus thermophilus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Deinococcus-Thermus
Class:
Deinococci
Order:
Thermales
Family:
Thermaceae
Genus:
Thermus
Species:
T. thermophilus
Binomial name
Thermus thermophilus

Biotechnological applications of T. thermophilus enzymes
  • rTth DNA polymerase is a recombinant thermostable DNA polymerase derived from Thermus thermophilus, with optimal activity at 70-80 °C, used in some PCR applications. The enzyme possesses efficient reverse transcriptase activity in the presence of manganese.

References
  1. Oshima & Imahori, K. (1974). "Description of Thermus thermophilus (Yoshida and Oshima) comb. nov., a nonsporulating thermophilic bacterium from Japanese thermal spa". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 24: 102–112. doi:10.1099/00207713-24-1-102.
  2. Beffa, T; Blanc, M; Lyon, PF; Vogt, G; Marchiani, M; Fischer, JL; et al. (1996). "Isolation of Thermus strains from hot composts (60ºC-80ºC)". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62 (5): 1723–1727. PMC 167946. PMID 8633870.
  3. Henne A; et al. (May 2004). "The genome sequence of the extreme thermophile Thermus thermophilus". Nat Biotechnol. 22 (5): 547–53. doi:10.1038/nbt956. PMID 15064768.
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