Hepacivirus A

Hepacivirus A
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Phylum:	incertae sedis
Family:	Flaviviridae
Genus:	Hepacivirus
Species:	Hepacivirus A
Synonyms[1]
	Canine hepacivirus; Non-primate hepacivirus;

Hepacivirus A, or Canine hepacivirus, is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Hepacivirus.[2] It causes pulmonary infections in dogs.

History

The virus was isolated in 2011 from number of dogs suffering from respiratory infections.

Genome

As of 2012, the genome has not yet been fully sequenced. The available sequence is about 6,500 nucleotides in length. It is predicted to have a polyprotein that can be cleaved into 10 smaller proteins. There is a 'slippery sequence' – A₅NNA₅ – within the genome which may encode a programmed frameshift. It encodes two envelope proteins (E1 and E2) as well as cysteine and serine proteases.

The overall G+C content is 50.7%.

Evolution

The virus appears to have evolved from the Hepatitis C virus between 500 and 1,000 years ago.

References

Smith, Donald B.; et al. (23 June 2016). "Create 13 new species in the genus Hepacivirus and rename 1 species (family Flaviviridae)" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). p. 3. Retrieved 13 March 2019. All other species are named according to the date of publication of a complete coding sequence with the exception of Hepacivirus B which includes GBV-B (providing a memorable link) and Hepacivirus A (canine hepacivirus/non-primate hepacivirus).
Kapoor A, Simmonds P, Gerold G, Qaisar N, Jain K, Henriquez JA, Firth C, Hirschberg DL, Rice CM, Shields S, Lipkin WI (2011). "Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (28): 11608–13. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10811608K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1101794108. PMC 3136326. PMID 21610165.

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[2016.010a,bS-1] Smith, Donald B.; et al. (23 June 2016). "Create 13 new species in the genus Hepacivirus and rename 1 species (family Flaviviridae)" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). p. 3. Retrieved 13 March 2019. All other species are named according to the date of publication of a complete coding sequence with the exception of Hepacivirus B which includes GBV-B (providing a memorable link) and Hepacivirus A (canine hepacivirus/non-primate hepacivirus).

[Kapoor2011-2] Kapoor A, Simmonds P, Gerold G, Qaisar N, Jain K, Henriquez JA, Firth C, Hirschberg DL, Rice CM, Shields S, Lipkin WI (2011). "Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (28): 11608–13. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10811608K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1101794108. PMC 3136326. PMID 21610165.