Amycolatopsis rifamycinica

Amycolatopsis rifamycinica is a species of Gram-positive bacteria in the genus Amycolatopsis. It produces the rifamycin antibiotics (e.g. rifamycin SV), which are used to treat mycobacterial diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy.[1] Amycolatopsis rifamycinica has been renamed several times. When it was first isolated from a French soil sample in 1957, it was identified as Streptomyces mediterranei.[2] In 1969, the bacterium was renamed Nocardia mediterranei because its cell wall was thought to resemble that of Nocardia species.[3] The bacterium was renamed Amycolatopsis mediterranei in 1986 after finding that it is not susceptible to Nocardia phage and has a cell wall that lacks mycolic acid.[4] Finally, in 2004, it was renamed Amycolatopsis rifamycinica based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.[5]

Amycolatopsis rifamycinica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Actinobacteria
Class:
Actinobacteria
Order:
Actinomycetales
Family:
Pseudonocardiaceae
Genus:
Amycolatopsis
Species:
A. rifamycinica
Binomial name
Amycolatopsis rifamycinica

References
  1. Saxena A, Kumari R, Mukherjee U, Singh P, Lal R (2014). "Draft genome sequence of the rifamycin producer Amycolatopsis rifamycinica DSM 46095". Genome Announcements. 2 (4): e00662–14. doi:10.1128/genomeA.00662-14. PMC 4082003. PMID 24994803.
  2. Margalith P, Beretta G (1960). "Rifomycin. XI. Taxonomic study on Streptomyces mediterranei nov. sp". Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 8 (4): 321–330. doi:10.1007/BF02089930.
  3. Thiemann JE, Zucco G, Pelizza G (1969). "A proposal for the transfer of Streptomyces mediterranei Margalith and Beretta 1960 to the genus Nocardia as Nocardia mediterranea (Margalith and Beretta) comb. nov". Arch. Mikrobiol. 67 (2): 147–155. doi:10.1007/bf00409680. PMID 5386179.
  4. Lechevalier MP, Prauser H, Labeda DP, Ruan JS (1986). "Two new genera of nocardioform actinomycetes: Amycolata gen. nov. and Amycolatopsis gen. nov". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 36 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1099/00207713-36-1-29.
  5. Bala S, Khanna R, Dadhwal M, Prabagaran SR, Shivaji S, Cullum J, Lal R (2004). "Reclassification of Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 46095 as Amycolatopsis rifamycinica sp. nov" (PDF). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54 (4): 1145–1149. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02901-0. PMID 15280283.


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