Table 3.1b: Documentation of infant feeding decisions by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How often infant feeding decisions are documented in medical records
	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Almost always	Not sure	N
All	0.2	0.4	1.5	97.8	0.1	2659
State
AK	0.0	0.0	5.3	94.7	0.0	19
AL	0.0	0.0	2.1	97.9	0.0	48
AR	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	38
AZ	0.0	2.8	5.6	91.7	0.0	36
CA	0.0	1.0	3.5	95.0	0.5	202
CO	0.0	0.0	4.1	95.9	0.0	49
CT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
DE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
FL	0.0	1.0	1.0	98.0	0.0	99
GA	0.0	0.0	1.5	98.5	0.0	65
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	9
IA	0.0	0.0	2.9	97.1	0.0	69
ID	0.0	0.0	3.3	96.7	0.0	30
IL	0.0	0.0	1.0	99.0	0.0	103
IN	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	85
KS	1.5	0.0	1.5	96.9	0.0	65
KY	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	42
LA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	45
MA	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	26
ME	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	26
MI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	77
MN	1.1	0.0	1.1	97.7	0.0	87
MO	0.0	3.3	1.6	95.1	0.0	61
MS	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	28
MT	3.8	0.0	0.0	96.2	0.0	26
NC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	69
ND	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	12
NE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	49
NH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	21
NJ	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	43
NM	0.0	5.0	5.0	90.0	0.0	20
NV	0.0	0.0	6.7	93.3	0.0	15
NY	0.0	0.0	0.9	98.2	0.9	113
OH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	97
OK	0.0	0.0	2.0	98.0	0.0	51
OR	0.0	0.0	3.8	96.2	0.0	53
PA	1.2	0.0	2.3	96.5	0.0	86
PR	0.0	0.0	7.7	92.3	0.0	13
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
SC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	36
SD	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	21
TN	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	57
TX	0.5	1.1	2.6	95.3	0.5	190
UT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	27
VA	0.0	0.0	2.0	98.0	0.0	49
VT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	1.5	1.5	97.0	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	1.1	98.9	0.0	90
WV	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	28
WY	0.0	0.0	10.5	89.5	0.0	19

Table 3.2b: Provision of advice & instructions for breastfeeding patients by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How many breastfeeding patients are provided advice & instructions about breastfeeding
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	0.2	1.1	9.5	89.1	0.1	2653
State
AK	0.0	0.0	15.8	84.2	0.0	19
AL	0.0	0.0	10.4	89.6	0.0	48
AR	0.0	2.6	15.8	81.6	0.0	38
AZ	0.0	0.0	18.4	81.6	0.0	38
CA	0.0	2.0	10.4	87.6	0.0	202
CO	0.0	2.1	0.0	97.9	0.0	48
CT	0.0	0.0	12.5	87.5	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
DE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
FL	0.0	1.0	7.1	91.9	0.0	99
GA	0.0	0.0	12.3	87.7	0.0	65
HI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	9
IA	0.0	1.4	7.2	91.3	0.0	69
ID	0.0	0.0	23.3	76.7	0.0	30
IL	0.0	1.0	6.9	92.2	0.0	102
IN	0.0	1.2	11.8	85.9	1.2	85
KS	0.0	1.5	12.3	86.2	0.0	65
KY	0.0	2.4	7.1	90.5	0.0	42
LA	0.0	0.0	13.3	86.7	0.0	45
MA	0.0	0.0	2.2	97.8	0.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	7.7	92.3	0.0	26
ME	0.0	0.0	3.8	96.2	0.0	26
MI	0.0	1.3	13.0	85.7	0.0	77
MN	0.0	1.2	8.2	90.6	0.0	85
MO	0.0	0.0	8.5	91.5	0.0	59
MS	0.0	0.0	17.9	82.1	0.0	28
MT	0.0	3.8	11.5	84.6	0.0	26
NC	0.0	0.0	11.6	87.0	1.4	69
ND	0.0	0.0	8.3	91.7	0.0	12
NE	0.0	2.1	22.9	75.0	0.0	48
NH	0.0	0.0	4.8	95.2	0.0	21
NJ	2.3	0.0	7.0	90.7	0.0	43
NM	0.0	5.0	20.0	75.0	0.0	20
NV	0.0	6.7	26.7	66.7	0.0	15
NY	0.9	0.0	8.8	90.3	0.0	113
OH	0.0	0.0	4.2	95.8	0.0	96
OK	0.0	3.9	21.6	74.5	0.0	51
OR	0.0	0.0	3.8	96.2	0.0	52
PA	0.0	0.0	4.6	95.4	0.0	87
PR	0.0	7.1	7.1	85.7	0.0	14
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
SC	2.8	0.0	11.1	86.1	0.0	36
SD	0.0	4.8	9.5	85.7	0.0	21
TN	0.0	0.0	8.8	91.2	0.0	57
TX	0.5	3.1	7.3	89.0	0.0	191
UT	0.0	0.0	18.5	81.5	0.0	27
VA	0.0	2.0	2.0	95.9	0.0	49
VT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	9.0	91.0	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	3.4	96.6	0.0	89
WV	0.0	0.0	18.5	81.5	0.0	27
WY	0.0	0.0	21.1	78.9	0.0	19

Table 3.3b: Education on infant cues to feed by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How many patients are taught to recognize & respond to infant cues rather than feeding on a set schedule
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	0.2	2.2	15.5	81.8	0.3	2650
State
AK	0.0	5.3	15.8	78.9	0.0	19
AL	0.0	4.3	12.8	80.9	2.1	47
AR	0.0	7.9	13.2	78.9	0.0	38
AZ	0.0	0.0	13.2	86.8	0.0	38
CA	0.5	3.0	14.4	82.2	0.0	202
CO	0.0	6.4	6.4	87.2	0.0	47
CT	0.0	4.2	4.2	91.7	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
DE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
FL	0.0	1.0	15.2	83.8	0.0	99
GA	0.0	3.1	15.4	80.0	1.5	65
HI	0.0	0.0	33.3	66.7	0.0	9
IA	0.0	1.4	23.2	75.4	0.0	69
ID	0.0	3.3	16.7	80.0	0.0	30
IL	0.0	1.0	11.8	87.3	0.0	102
IN	0.0	2.4	21.2	76.5	0.0	85
KS	0.0	3.1	12.3	84.6	0.0	65
KY	0.0	7.1	14.3	76.2	2.4	42
LA	0.0	0.0	15.6	84.4	0.0	45
MA	0.0	0.0	4.3	95.7	0.0	46
MD	0.0	0.0	7.7	92.3	0.0	26
ME	0.0	0.0	7.7	92.3	0.0	26
MI	0.0	2.6	16.9	79.2	1.3	77
MN	0.0	0.0	19.8	79.1	1.2	86
MO	0.0	0.0	25.4	74.6	0.0	59
MS	0.0	3.6	21.4	71.4	3.6	28
MT	0.0	3.8	15.4	80.8	0.0	26
NC	0.0	2.9	17.6	77.9	1.5	68
ND	0.0	0.0	25.0	75.0	0.0	12
NE	0.0	6.3	27.1	66.7	0.0	48
NH	0.0	0.0	4.8	95.2	0.0	21
NJ	2.3	0.0	11.6	86.0	0.0	43
NM	5.0	0.0	15.0	80.0	0.0	20
NV	0.0	13.3	20.0	66.7	0.0	15
NY	0.0	0.9	12.4	86.7	0.0	113
OH	0.0	0.0	6.3	93.8	0.0	96
OK	2.0	3.9	25.5	68.6	0.0	51
OR	0.0	3.8	15.4	80.8	0.0	52
PA	0.0	1.1	16.1	82.8	0.0	87
PR	0.0	0.0	7.1	92.9	0.0	14
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
SC	0.0	0.0	13.9	86.1	0.0	36
SD	0.0	4.8	14.3	81.0	0.0	21
TN	0.0	5.3	14.0	80.7	0.0	57
TX	0.5	3.2	16.8	78.4	1.1	190
UT	0.0	3.7	44.4	51.9	0.0	27
VA	0.0	2.0	12.2	85.7	0.0	49
VT	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	16.4	83.6	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	12.4	87.6	0.0	89
WV	0.0	0.0	29.6	70.4	0.0	27
WY	0.0	0.0	31.6	68.4	0.0	19

Table 3.4b: Education on limitation to time suckling by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How often are breastfeeding patients instructed to limit suckling at the breast to a specific length of time
	Rarely	Sometimes	Often	Almost always	Not sure	N
All	42.5	25.1	15.8	14.9	1.7	2644
State
AK	42.1	26.3	21.1	10.5	0.0	19
AL	44.7	21.3	17.0	17.0	0.0	47
AR	18.4	21.1	21.1	36.8	2.6	38
AZ	39.5	26.3	13.2	21.1	0.0	38
CA	51.0	21.3	14.4	10.9	2.5	202
CO	36.2	38.3	12.8	10.6	2.1	47
CT	54.2	20.8	16.7	4.2	4.2	24
DC	50.0	16.7	16.7	16.7	0.0	6
DE	60.0	20.0	20.0	0.0	0.0	5
FL	44.4	25.3	22.2	6.1	2.0	99
GA	31.3	29.7	26.6	10.9	1.6	64
HI	44.4	0.0	44.4	11.1	0.0	9
IA	29.0	36.2	17.4	15.9	1.4	69
ID	37.9	17.2	24.1	17.2	3.4	29
IL	42.2	22.5	16.7	16.7	2.0	102
IN	46.4	31.0	6.0	15.5	1.2	84
KS	18.8	39.1	17.2	23.4	1.6	64
KY	28.6	26.2	14.3	28.6	2.4	42
LA	42.2	22.2	11.1	24.4	0.0	45
MA	54.3	26.1	10.9	8.7	0.0	46
MD	61.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	3.8	26
ME	76.9	19.2	0.0	3.8	0.0	26
MI	48.1	24.7	15.6	10.4	1.3	77
MN	37.6	34.1	15.3	7.1	5.9	85
MO	37.3	30.5	13.6	18.6	0.0	59
MS	33.3	11.1	22.2	29.6	3.7	27
MT	34.6	23.1	19.2	15.4	7.7	26
NC	37.7	30.4	14.5	15.9	1.4	69
ND	50.0	16.7	16.7	16.7	0.0	12
NE	37.5	31.3	16.7	10.4	4.2	48
NH	70.0	15.0	10.0	5.0	0.0	20
NJ	44.2	23.3	18.6	11.6	2.3	43
NM	40.0	25.0	15.0	20.0	0.0	20
NV	0.0	20.0	33.3	33.3	13.3	15
NY	53.1	19.5	16.8	10.6	0.0	113
OH	51.0	28.1	9.4	10.4	1.0	96
OK	13.7	23.5	35.3	27.5	0.0	51
OR	65.4	19.2	9.6	3.8	1.9	52
PA	41.4	31.0	17.2	9.2	1.1	87
PR	28.6	21.4	0.0	50.0	0.0	14
RI	71.4	14.3	14.3	0.0	0.0	7
SC	44.4	16.7	11.1	25.0	2.8	36
SD	38.1	23.8	4.8	33.3	0.0	21
TN	26.3	21.1	19.3	31.6	1.8	57
TX	33.7	27.9	19.5	18.4	0.5	190
UT	29.6	22.2	22.2	18.5	7.4	27
VA	36.7	22.4	14.3	22.4	4.1	49
VT	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10
WA	68.7	19.4	6.0	6.0	0.0	67
WI	58.4	27.0	9.0	5.6	0.0	89
WV	40.7	11.1	18.5	25.9	3.7	27
WY	31.6	21.1	36.8	10.5	0.0	19

Table 3.5b: Directly observed breastfeeding assessments by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How many breastfeeding patients receive a directly observed breastfeeding assessment
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	0.3	2.6	14.4	82.7	0.1	2653
State
AK	0.0	0.0	5.3	94.7	0.0	19
AL	0.0	2.1	16.7	81.3	0.0	48
AR	0.0	5.3	18.4	76.3	0.0	38
AZ	0.0	2.6	13.2	84.2	0.0	38
CA	0.0	2.0	10.0	88.1	0.0	201
CO	0.0	2.1	4.2	93.8	0.0	48
CT	0.0	4.2	20.8	75.0	0.0	24
DC	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	6
DE	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	5
FL	0.0	1.0	12.2	86.7	0.0	98
GA	0.0	6.2	10.8	83.1	0.0	65
HI	0.0	0.0	22.2	77.8	0.0	9
IA	0.0	4.3	10.1	85.5	0.0	69
ID	3.3	0.0	16.7	80.0	0.0	30
IL	0.0	2.9	21.4	75.7	0.0	103
IN	0.0	1.2	15.3	83.5	0.0	85
KS	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	0.0	65
KY	2.4	2.4	16.7	78.6	0.0	42
LA	0.0	4.4	22.2	71.1	2.2	45
MA	0.0	0.0	2.2	97.8	0.0	46
MD	0.0	3.8	19.2	76.9	0.0	26
ME	0.0	0.0	3.8	96.2	0.0	26
MI	0.0	9.2	17.1	73.7	0.0	76
MN	0.0	1.1	10.3	88.5	0.0	87
MO	0.0	1.6	13.1	85.2	0.0	61
MS	0.0	3.6	35.7	57.1	3.6	28
MT	4.0	0.0	28.0	68.0	0.0	25
NC	0.0	4.3	13.0	82.6	0.0	69
ND	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	12
NE	0.0	6.4	29.8	63.8	0.0	47
NH	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	21
NJ	0.0	2.3	18.6	79.1	0.0	43
NM	0.0	0.0	10.0	90.0	0.0	20
NV	6.7	0.0	20.0	73.3	0.0	15
NY	0.0	3.5	17.7	78.8	0.0	113
OH	0.0	0.0	6.3	93.8	0.0	96
OK	2.0	3.9	21.6	72.5	0.0	51
OR	0.0	0.0	5.8	94.2	0.0	52
PA	0.0	1.1	12.6	86.2	0.0	87
PR	0.0	14.3	7.1	78.6	0.0	14
RI	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	7
SC	2.8	2.8	8.3	86.1	0.0	36
SD	0.0	0.0	23.8	76.2	0.0	21
TN	0.0	0.0	14.0	86.0	0.0	57
TX	0.5	5.2	20.9	73.3	0.0	191
UT	0.0	3.7	14.8	81.5	0.0	27
VA	0.0	4.1	10.2	85.7	0.0	49
VT	0.0	0.0	20.0	80.0	0.0	10
WA	0.0	0.0	11.9	88.1	0.0	67
WI	0.0	0.0	10.1	89.9	0.0	89
WV	0.0	3.6	21.4	75.0	0.0	28
WY	0.0	5.6	16.7	77.8	0.0	18

Table 3.6b: Use of a standardized breastfeeding assessment tool by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	Is breastfeeding assessed using a standardized or adapted assessment tool
	Yes	No	N
All	60.2	39.8	2633
State
AK	31.6	68.4	19
AL	42.6	57.4	47
AR	36.8	63.2	38
AZ	71.1	28.9	38
CA	83.4	16.6	199
CO	73.5	26.5	49
CT	62.5	37.5	24
DC	66.7	33.3	6
DE	80.0	20.0	5
FL	53.6	46.4	97
GA	56.9	43.1	65
HI	66.7	33.3	9
IA	55.1	44.9	69
ID	66.7	33.3	30
IL	60.8	39.2	102
IN	61.2	38.8	85
KS	38.5	61.5	65
KY	34.1	65.9	41
LA	55.6	44.4	45
MA	76.1	23.9	46
MD	84.6	15.4	26
ME	56.0	44.0	25
MI	56.6	43.4	76
MN	74.4	25.6	86
MO	65.6	34.4	61
MS	37.0	63.0	27
MT	32.0	68.0	25
NC	58.8	41.2	68
ND	58.3	41.7	12
NE	40.4	59.6	47
NH	61.9	38.1	21
NJ	76.7	23.3	43
NM	60.0	40.0	20
NV	57.1	42.9	14
NY	56.8	43.2	111
OH	67.0	33.0	94
OK	41.2	58.8	51
OR	70.6	29.4	51
PA	65.1	34.9	86
PR	21.4	78.6	14
RI	100.0	0.0	7
SC	36.1	63.9	36
SD	52.4	47.6	21
TN	58.9	41.1	56
TX	49.5	50.5	190
UT	88.9	11.1	27
VA	57.4	42.6	47
VT	70.0	30.0	10
WA	73.1	26.9	67
WI	75.3	24.7	89
WV	28.6	71.4	28
WY	72.2	27.8	18

Table 3.7b: Provision of pacifiers by state
CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009
	How many breastfed infants are given pacifiers by facility staff
	Few	Some	Many	Most	Not sure	N
All	30.0	28.5	29.4	11.0	1.1	2638
State
AK	47.4	26.3	21.1	5.3	0.0	19
AL	25.0	16.7	41.7	16.7	0.0	48
AR	16.2	18.9	40.5	24.3	0.0	37
AZ	16.2	27.0	32.4	18.9	5.4	37
CA	46.5	28.7	17.3	5.9	1.5	202
CO	22.4	38.8	32.7	6.1	0.0	49
CT	45.5	13.6	31.8	4.5	4.5	22
DC	50.0	33.3	16.7	0.0	0.0	6
DE	60.0	0.0	20.0	20.0	0.0	5
FL	33.7	28.6	28.6	9.2	0.0	98
GA	12.5	21.9	51.6	14.1	0.0	64
HI	55.6	33.3	11.1	0.0	0.0	9
IA	14.5	29.0	39.1	15.9	1.4	69
ID	36.7	26.7	23.3	10.0	3.3	30
IL	21.6	25.5	39.2	13.7	0.0	102
IN	21.2	37.6	28.2	11.8	1.2	85
KS	18.5	44.6	24.6	12.3	0.0	65
KY	16.7	23.8	38.1	21.4	0.0	42
LA	22.7	29.5	25.0	22.7	0.0	44
MA	43.5	28.3	23.9	4.3	0.0	46
MD	38.5	26.9	15.4	15.4	3.8	26
ME	61.5	19.2	15.4	3.8	0.0	26
MI	21.3	29.3	30.7	17.3	1.3	75
MN	28.2	37.6	28.2	4.7	1.2	85
MO	13.6	27.1	37.3	15.3	6.8	59
MS	7.4	25.9	37.0	25.9	3.7	27
MT	44.0	24.0	24.0	8.0	0.0	25
NC	31.9	20.3	34.8	13.0	0.0	69
ND	16.7	41.7	25.0	16.7	0.0	12
NE	14.9	40.4	34.0	6.4	4.3	47
NH	66.7	28.6	4.8	0.0	0.0	21
NJ	30.2	27.9	23.3	18.6	0.0	43
NM	55.0	10.0	25.0	10.0	0.0	20
NV	7.1	21.4	50.0	21.4	0.0	14
NY	50.0	24.1	22.3	2.7	0.9	112
OH	28.4	32.6	34.7	4.2	0.0	95
OK	21.6	25.5	25.5	27.5	0.0	51
OR	43.4	39.6	17.0	0.0	0.0	53
PA	19.8	37.2	33.7	8.1	1.2	86
PR	78.6	0.0	7.1	0.0	14.3	14
RI	57.1	42.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	7
SC	19.4	27.8	33.3	13.9	5.6	36
SD	14.3	42.9	38.1	4.8	0.0	21
TN	19.3	19.3	43.9	17.5	0.0	57
TX	32.6	23.7	26.8	15.8	1.1	190
UT	19.2	26.9	46.2	7.7	0.0	26
VA	26.5	32.7	28.6	12.2	0.0	49
VT	50.0	40.0	10.0	0.0	0.0	10
WA	49.3	20.9	25.4	4.5	0.0	67
WI	25.6	38.9	26.7	7.8	1.1	90
WV	42.9	10.7	35.7	10.7	0.0	28
WY	11.1	38.9	38.9	11.1	0.0	18