| Table 2.1a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed vaginal births by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after vaginal birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 1.9 | 4.0 | 20.1 | 74.0 | 2635 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 96.6 | 118 |
| Government hospital | 3.7 | 7.2 | 22.1 | 67.0 | 515 |
| Non-profit hospital | 1.1 | 2.8 | 19.7 | 76.4 | 1655 |
| Private hospital | 4.3 | 6.8 | 24.0 | 64.9 | 325 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 66.7 | 21 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 1.1 | 8.0 | 25.3 | 65.5 | 174 |
| No | 2.1 | 3.9 | 20.5 | 73.5 | 2342 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 0-249 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 15.0 | 78.7 | 586 |
| 250-499 | 2.7 | 4.9 | 14.9 | 77.5 | 449 |
| 500-999 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 20.3 | 74.8 | 548 |
| 1000-1999 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 21.8 | 73.2 | 523 |
| 2000-4999 | 2.0 | 4.2 | 28.2 | 65.6 | 457 |
| 5000 or more | 0.0 | 6.5 | 32.3 | 61.3 | 62 |
| Unknown | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 10 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 2.9 | 4.2 | 15.6 | 77.3 | 1077 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 1.1 | 3.3 | 21.4 | 74.3 | 1010 |
| Level 3 NICU | 1.6 | 4.9 | 26.5 | 67.0 | 548 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 2.6 | 1.7 | 14.8 | 80.9 | 351 |
| Mountain | 0.5 | 2.3 | 19.0 | 78.3 | 221 |
| West North Central | 1.4 | 1.7 | 21.2 | 75.7 | 358 |
| East North Central | 0.7 | 2.0 | 20.1 | 77.2 | 447 |
| West South Central | 4.4 | 7.5 | 24.6 | 63.6 | 321 |
| East South Central | 2.4 | 9.4 | 22.9 | 65.3 | 170 |
| New England | 0.7 | 0.7 | 7.5 | 91.0 | 134 |
| Middle Atlantic | 0.4 | 5.8 | 20.4 | 73.3 | 240 |
| South Atlantic | 3.3 | 6.1 | 23.4 | 67.2 | 393 |
| Table 2.2a: Prelacteal feeds among breastfed Cesarean births by hospital type, size, NICU level, and region* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive breast milk as first feeding after Cesarean birth | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 4.0 | 6.5 | 25.6 | 63.9 | 2482 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Government hospital | 6.9 | 9.0 | 25.0 | 59.1 | 509 |
| Non-profit hospital | 2.9 | 4.7 | 25.0 | 67.3 | 1635 |
| Private hospital | 5.4 | 12.0 | 28.8 | 53.8 | 316 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 0.0 | 38.1 | 61.9 | 21 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 6.4 | 9.4 | 32.7 | 51.5 | 171 |
| No | 3.9 | 6.3 | 25.1 | 64.8 | 2310 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 0-249 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 20.2 | 69.8 | 470 |
| 250-499 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 20.6 | 69.0 | 436 |
| 500-999 | 3.3 | 7.0 | 23.4 | 66.3 | 543 |
| 1000-1999 | 3.9 | 6.2 | 28.9 | 61.1 | 519 |
| 2000-4999 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 32.1 | 56.0 | 452 |
| 5000 or more | 3.3 | 8.2 | 44.3 | 44.3 | 61 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 5.1 | 5.4 | 21.8 | 67.7 | 940 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 2.7 | 6.9 | 26.3 | 64.1 | 999 |
| Level 3 NICU | 4.6 | 7.6 | 30.8 | 57.1 | 543 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 4.2 | 3.5 | 22.7 | 69.6 | 313 |
| Mountain | 2.5 | 4.5 | 28.9 | 64.2 | 201 |
| West North Central | 1.4 | 2.9 | 24.0 | 71.7 | 350 |
| East North Central | 2.1 | 4.8 | 25.9 | 67.2 | 436 |
| West South Central | 6.2 | 12.4 | 28.2 | 53.3 | 291 |
| East South Central | 6.1 | 7.3 | 27.9 | 58.8 | 165 |
| New England | 1.6 | 0.8 | 12.5 | 85.2 | 128 |
| Middle Atlantic | 6.5 | 10.0 | 28.1 | 55.4 | 231 |
| South Atlantic | 6.3 | 10.4 | 27.2 | 56.1 | 367 |
| *Note: Facilities not performing Cesareans are not included in these tabulations. | |||||
| Table 2.3a: Supplementation of breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009 | |||||
| What percent of healthy breastfed infants receive non-breast milk feedings | |||||
| <10% | 10-49% | 50-89% | 90% or more | N | |
| All | 21.5 | 48.6 | 26.1 | 3.8 | 2584 |
| Type of facility | |||||
| Birth center | 79.3 | 14.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 116 |
| Government hospital | 18.4 | 45.9 | 30.5 | 5.3 | 512 |
| Non-profit hospital | 19.8 | 51.8 | 25.1 | 3.3 | 1619 |
| Private hospital | 14.2 | 47.2 | 34.2 | 4.4 | 316 |
| Military hospital | 20.0 | 70.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 20 |
| Teaching hospital | |||||
| Yes | 11.6 | 45.9 | 36.6 | 5.8 | 172 |
| No | 19.3 | 50.5 | 26.5 | 3.7 | 2295 |
| Size of facility | |||||
| 0-249 | 38.1 | 40.6 | 16.8 | 4.5 | 572 |
| 250-499 | 21.2 | 48.5 | 25.7 | 4.5 | 443 |
| 500-999 | 17.5 | 52.1 | 27.4 | 3.0 | 536 |
| 1000-1999 | 16.7 | 52.7 | 26.5 | 4.1 | 509 |
| 2000-4999 | 11.5 | 50.3 | 35.3 | 2.9 | 451 |
| 5000 or more | 7.9 | 49.2 | 38.1 | 4.8 | 63 |
| Unknown | 70.0 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||||
| Healthy newborn only | 30.6 | 43.4 | 22.1 | 4.0 | 1056 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 16.9 | 52.1 | 27.3 | 3.7 | 990 |
| Level 3 NICU | 12.1 | 52.2 | 32.0 | 3.7 | 538 |
| Census region | |||||
| Pacific | 28.3 | 46.5 | 22.0 | 3.2 | 346 |
| Mountain | 23.4 | 50.5 | 21.5 | 4.7 | 214 |
| West North Central | 24.4 | 50.6 | 21.6 | 3.4 | 356 |
| East North Central | 21.2 | 52.5 | 24.2 | 2.1 | 434 |
| West South Central | 17.0 | 44.8 | 35.0 | 3.2 | 317 |
| East South Central | 13.1 | 48.2 | 32.1 | 6.5 | 168 |
| New England | 35.9 | 50.4 | 12.2 | 1.5 | 131 |
| Middle Atlantic | 17.5 | 49.6 | 28.6 | 4.3 | 234 |
| South Atlantic | 16.7 | 45.1 | 32.0 | 6.3 | 384 |
| Table 2.4a: Use of glucose water and/or water among breastfed infants by facility type, size, NICU level, and region | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| CDC National Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC)-2009 | |||
| Do healthy breastfed infants receive glucose water and/or water | |||
| Yes | No | N | |
| All | 25.3 | 74.7 | 2482 |
| Type of facility | |||
| Birth center | 12.0 | 88.0 | 108 |
| Government hospital | 33.3 | 66.7 | 492 |
| Non-profit hospital | 23.5 | 76.5 | 1560 |
| Private hospital | 28.3 | 71.7 | 300 |
| Military hospital | 0.0 | 100.0 | 21 |
| Teaching hospital | |||
| Yes | 9.1 | 90.9 | 164 |
| No | 27.2 | 72.8 | 2209 |
| Size of facility | |||
| 0-249 | 35.5 | 64.5 | 544 |
| 250-499 | 34.7 | 65.3 | 429 |
| 500-999 | 28.1 | 71.9 | 516 |
| 1000-1999 | 17.0 | 83.0 | 487 |
| 2000-4999 | 12.6 | 87.4 | 438 |
| 5000 or more | 5.1 | 94.9 | 59 |
| Unknown | 11.1 | 88.9 | 9 |
| Level of Neonatal Care | |||
| Healthy newborn only | 32.6 | 67.4 | 1016 |
| Level 1 or 2 NICU | 24.0 | 76.0 | 950 |
| Level 3 NICU | 13.6 | 86.4 | 516 |
| Census region | |||
| Pacific | 19.3 | 80.7 | 331 |
| Mountain | 24.5 | 75.5 | 208 |
| West North Central | 33.5 | 66.5 | 340 |
| East North Central | 22.1 | 77.9 | 425 |
| West South Central | 34.9 | 65.1 | 295 |
| East South Central | 33.5 | 66.5 | 161 |
| New England | 15.9 | 84.1 | 126 |
| Middle Atlantic | 14.9 | 85.1 | 228 |
| South Atlantic | 25.8 | 74.2 | 368 |