TROX-1

TROX-1
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (3R)-5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-3-(pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one;
PubChem CID	25256198;
ChemSpider	24750794;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40649497 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C22H16ClFN6O
Molar mass	434.853 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C[C@]5(Cc1cncnc1)C(=O)N(c2nc[nH]n2)c4ccc(c3ccc(F)c(Cl)c3)cc45;

TROX-1 is a drug which acts as a potent blocker of the Ca_v2 type calcium channels. It was developed as a potential analgesic after the discovery that the selective Ca_v2.2 blocker ziconotide is an active analgesic with similar efficacy to strong opioid drugs but comparatively milder side effects. Unlike ziconotide, TROX-1 is not so selective, and also blocks the Ca_v2.1 and Ca_v2.3 calcium channel subtypes, but it has the great advantage of being orally active, whereas ziconotide must be administered intrathecally, by injection into the spinal fluid. In animal studies of TROX-1, analgesic effects were observed with similar efficacy to NSAIDs such as naproxen or diclofenac, and anti-allodynia effects equivalent to pregabalin or duloxetine.[1]

References

Abbadie C, McManus OB, Sun SY, Bugianesi RM, Dai G, Haedo RJ, Herrington JB, Kaczorowski GJ, Smith MM, Swensen AM, Warren VA, Williams B, Arneric SP, Eduljee C, Snutch TP, Tringham EW, Jochnowitz N, Liang A, Euan MacIntyre D, McGowan E, Mistry S, White VV, Hoyt SB, London C, Lyons KA, Bunting PB, Volksdorf S, Duffy JL (August 2010). "Analgesic effects of a substituted N-triazole oxindole (TROX-1), a state-dependent, voltage-gated calcium channel 2 blocker". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 334 (2): 545–55. doi:10.1124/jpet.110.166363. PMID 20439438.

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[pmid20439438-1] Abbadie C, McManus OB, Sun SY, Bugianesi RM, Dai G, Haedo RJ, Herrington JB, Kaczorowski GJ, Smith MM, Swensen AM, Warren VA, Williams B, Arneric SP, Eduljee C, Snutch TP, Tringham EW, Jochnowitz N, Liang A, Euan MacIntyre D, McGowan E, Mistry S, White VV, Hoyt SB, London C, Lyons KA, Bunting PB, Volksdorf S, Duffy JL (August 2010). "Analgesic effects of a substituted N-triazole oxindole (TROX-1), a state-dependent, voltage-gated calcium channel 2 blocker". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 334 (2): 545–55. doi:10.1124/jpet.110.166363. PMID 20439438.