Prosthecobacter

Prosthecobacter
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Verrucomicrobia
Class:	Verrucomicrobiae
Order:	Verrucomicrobiales
Family:	Verrucomicrobiaceae
Genus:	Prosthecobacter; Stanley, et al. 1980[1]
Type species
	P. fusiformis;
Species
	Prosthecobacter algae ; Prosthecobacter debontii ; Prosthecobacter dejongeii ; Prosthecobacter fluviatilis ; Prosthecobacter fusiformis ; Prosthecobacter vanneervenii

Prosthecobacter is a Verrucomicrobia Planctobacteria with a distinctive characteristic; the presence of tubulin-like genes. Tubulins, which are components of the microtubule, have never been observed in Gracilicutes before.

Tubulin was long thought to be specific to eukaryotes. More recently, however, several prokaryotic proteins have been shown to be related to tubulin.[2][3][4][5]

Most bacteria have a homologous structure, FtsZ. Prosthecobacter are the exception to this, containing genes that have higher sequence-homology to eukaryotic tubulin than FtsZ.

These genes are called bacterial tubulin a (BtubA) and bacterial tubulin b (BtubB). The properties are not exactly same. However, surface loops and microtubules are extremely similar.

References

"Genus Prosthecobacter". LPSN. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
Nogales E, Downing KH, Amos LA, Löwe J (June 1998). "Tubulin and FtsZ form a distinct family of GTPases". Nature Structural Biology. 5 (6): 451–8. doi:10.1038/nsb0698-451. PMID 9628483.
Jenkins C, Samudrala R, Anderson I, Hedlund BP, Petroni G, Michailova N, Pinel N, Overbeek R, Rosati G, Staley JT (December 2002). "Genes for the cytoskeletal protein tubulin in the bacterial genus Prosthecobacter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 17049–54. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9917049J. doi:10.1073/pnas.012516899. PMC 139267. PMID 12486237.
Yutin N, Koonin EV (March 2012). "Archaeal origin of tubulin". Biology Direct. 7: 10. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-7-10. PMC 3349469. PMID 22458654.
Larsen RA, Cusumano C, Fujioka A, Lim-Fong G, Patterson P, Pogliano J (June 2007). "Treadmilling of a prokaryotic tubulin-like protein, TubZ, required for plasmid stability in Bacillus thuringiensis". Genes & Development. 21 (11): 1340–52. doi:10.1101/gad.1546107. PMC 1877747. PMID 17510284.

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[LPSN-1] "Genus Prosthecobacter". LPSN. Retrieved 13 May 2018.

[pmid9628483-2] Nogales E, Downing KH, Amos LA, Löwe J (June 1998). "Tubulin and FtsZ form a distinct family of GTPases". Nature Structural Biology. 5 (6): 451–8. doi:10.1038/nsb0698-451. PMID 9628483.

[Jenkins_2002-3] Jenkins C, Samudrala R, Anderson I, Hedlund BP, Petroni G, Michailova N, Pinel N, Overbeek R, Rosati G, Staley JT (December 2002). "Genes for the cytoskeletal protein tubulin in the bacterial genus Prosthecobacter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 17049–54. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9917049J. doi:10.1073/pnas.012516899. PMC 139267. PMID 12486237.

[Yutin_2012-4] Yutin N, Koonin EV (March 2012). "Archaeal origin of tubulin". Biology Direct. 7: 10. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-7-10. PMC 3349469. PMID 22458654.

[Larsen_2007-5] Larsen RA, Cusumano C, Fujioka A, Lim-Fong G, Patterson P, Pogliano J (June 2007). "Treadmilling of a prokaryotic tubulin-like protein, TubZ, required for plasmid stability in Bacillus thuringiensis". Genes & Development. 21 (11): 1340–52. doi:10.1101/gad.1546107. PMC 1877747. PMID 17510284.