Pingyangmycin
Pingyangmycin (also known as bleomycin A5) is an antitumor glycopeptide antibiotic belonging to the bleomycin family, which is produced by Streptomyces verticillus var. pingyangensis n.sp., a variety of Streptomyces verticillus. It was discovered in 1969 at Pingyang County of Zhejiang Province in China, and was brought into clinical use in 1978.[1]
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Other names | Bleomycin A5 |
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Routes of administration | intravenous, intra-arterial, intramuscular, intratumoral |
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Metabolism | amidase |
Elimination half-life | 1.3 hours |
Excretion | renal (25-50%) |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.221 |
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Formula | C57H89N19O21S2 |
Molar mass | 1440.56126 g·mol−1 |
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In China, pingyangmycin has largely superseded bleomycin A2 (commonly known as "bleomycin"), since it is more effective, costs less, is easier to get, can treat a larger variety of cancers (such as breast cancer and liver cancer) and causes less lung injury.[2][3] Though it also results in pulmonary fibrosis, unlike bleomycin, its most serious side effect is anaphylactic shock, which is rare, but may happen even in a low dose, and can be fatal.[4] In addition, it causes a higher incidence of fever than bleomycin; the occurrence of this complication in patients is between 20 and 50%.
References
- Lin, F. T.; Li, D. D.; Yang, X. P.; Li, Q.; Xue, Y. C.; Zhen, Y. S. (1979). "Antitumor activity and preclinical pharmacologic evaluation of pingyangmycin (author's transl)". Chinese Journal of Oncology. 1 (3): 161–166. PMID 95444.
- Zheng, J. W.; Yang, X. J.; Wang, Y. A.; He, Y.; Ye, W. M.; Zhang, Z. Y. (2009). "Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin for vascular malformations in oral and maxillofacial regions: An evaluation of 297 consecutive patients". Oral Oncology. 45 (10): 872–876. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.02.011. PMID 19628423.
- Xu, H. Z.; Zhang, H. Y. (1980). "The isolation and identification of pingyangmycin (author's transl)". Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. 15 (10): 609–614. PMID 6167140.
- Shou, B. Q.; Mao, Z.; Zhang, S. L.; Yang, Z. (2009). "Allergy caused by minidose and low concentration Pingyangmycin: A case report". West China Journal of Stomatology. 27 (5): 572–573. PMID 19927737.