Palatal myoclonus

Palatal myoclonus is a rapid spasm of the palatal (roof of the mouth) muscles, which results in clicking or popping in the ear. The movements of the palate vary in rate between 40 and 200 beats per minute. Chronic clonus is often due to lesions of the central tegmental tract (which connects the red nucleus to the ipsilateral inferior olivary nucleus). Uniquely, the clicking noise does not subside when the patient sleeps.

Palatal myoclonus
Palatal myoclonus

When associated with eye movements, it is known as oculopalatal myoclonus

Signs and symptoms

Signs and symptoms of Palatal Myoclonus include: Rhythmic, jerky movements in the face, eyeballs, tongue, jaw, vocal cord or extremities (mostly hands).[1]

Diagnosis

Classifications

physiologic, essential, epileptic, and symptomatic

Treatment

Drugs

Drugs used to treat palatal myoclonus include clonazepam, carbamazepine, baclofen, anticholinergics, tetrabenazine, valproic acid, phenytoin, lamotrigine, sumatriptan, and PIR

General references
  • http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/disorders/central/opm.html
  • https://www.hindawi.com/journals/criot/2013/231505/
  • "NINDS Tremor Information Page". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. July 20, 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-08.

[2]

[3]

References
  1. Kim, Jong S.; Caplan, Louis R. (2016). "26 Vertebrobasilar Disease". Stroke (Sixth ed.). Elsevier. pp. 413–448.e7. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-29544-4.00026-8. ISBN 9780323295444. Occasionally, rhythmic, jerky movements are also observed in the face, eyeballs, tongue, jaw, vocal cord or extremities (mostly hands); they may not be synchronous with palatal movements. The movements of the palate vary in rate between 40 and 200 beats per minute. The movements may involve the Eustachian tube and make a click that the patient can hear.
  2. Zadikoff C, Lang AE, Klein C. (29 November 2005). "The 'essentials' of essential palatal tremor: a reappraisal of the nosology". Brain. 129 (4): 832–840. doi:10.1093/brain/awh684. PMID 16317025.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. Saeed SR1, Brookes GB. (1993). "The use of clostridium botulinum toxin in palatal myclonus. A preliminary report". Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 107 (3): 208–210. doi:10.1017/S0022215100122650.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Classification
External resources


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