HBD

Hemoglobin subunit delta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBD gene.[3]

HBD

Available structures

PDB

Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1SHR, 1SI4

Identifiers

Aliases

HBD, hemoglobin subunit delta

External IDs

OMIM: 142000 HomoloGene: 128037 GeneCards: HBD

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)[1]

Band	11p15.4	Start	5,232,678 bp[1]
Band	11p15.4	End	5,243,657 bp[1]

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• iron ion binding • oxygen binding • protein binding • heme binding • metal ion binding • oxygen transporter activity • peroxidase activity • haptoglobin binding • hemoglobin alpha binding • organic acid binding
Cellular component	• hemoglobin complex • cytosol • blood microparticle • haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex
Biological process	• oxygen transport • blood coagulation • transport • hydrogen peroxide catabolic process • protein heterooligomerization • cellular oxidant detoxification
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


3045


n/a

Ensembl


ENSG00000223609


n/a

UniProt


P02042


n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_000519


n/a

RefSeq (protein)


NP_000510


n/a

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11: 5.23 – 5.24 Mb

n/a

PubMed search

[2]

n/a

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

Function

The delta (HBD) and beta (HBB) genes are normally expressed in the adult: two alpha chains plus two beta chains constitute HbA, which in normal adult life comprises about 97% of the total hemoglobin. Two alpha chains plus two delta chains constitute HbA2, which with HbF comprises the remaining 3% of adult hemoglobin. Five beta-like globin genes are found within a 45 kb cluster on chromosome 11 in the following order: 5' - epsilon – gamma-G – gamma-A – delta – beta - 3'.[4]

Clinical significance

Mutations in the delta-globin gene are associated with Delta-thalassemia.[4]

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000223609 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Higgs DR, Vickers MA, Wilkie AO, Pretorius IM, Jarman AP, Weatherall DJ (May 1989). "A review of the molecular genetics of the human alpha-globin gene cluster". Blood. 73 (5): 1081–104. PMID 2649166.
"Entrez Gene: HBD hemoglobin, delta".

Schillirò G, Russo-Mancuso G, Dibenedetto SP, et al. (1992). "Six rare hemoglobin variants found in Sicily". Hemoglobin. 15 (5): 431–7. doi:10.3109/03630269108998862. PMID 1802885.
Collins FS, Weissman SM (1985). "The molecular genetics of human hemoglobin". Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 31: 315–462. PMID 6397774.
Giardina B, Messana I, Scatena R, Castagnola M (1995). "The multiple functions of hemoglobin". Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 30 (3): 165–96. doi:10.3109/10409239509085142. PMID 7555018.

PDB gallery

1a00: HEMOGLOBIN (VAL BETA1 MET, TRP BETA37 TYR) MUTANT
1a01: HEMOGLOBIN (VAL BETA1 MET, TRP BETA37 ALA) MUTANT
1a0u: HEMOGLOBIN (VAL BETA1 MET) MUTANT
1a0z: HEMOGLOBIN (VAL BETA1 MET) MUTANT
1a3n: DEOXY HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
1a3o: ARTIFICIAL MUTANT (ALPHA Y42H) OF DEOXY HEMOGLOBIN
1abw: DEOXY RHB1.1 (RECOMBINANT HEMOGLOBIN)
1aby: CYANOMET RHB1.1 (RECOMBINANT HEMOGLOBIN)
1aj9: R-STATE HUMAN CARBONMONOXYHEMOGLOBIN ALPHA-A53S
1b86: HUMAN DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN-2,3-DIPHOSPHOGLYCERATE COMPLEX
1bab: HEMOGLOBIN THIONVILLE: AN ALPHA-CHAIN VARIANT WITH A SUBSTITUTION OF A GLUTAMATE FOR VALINE AT NA-1 AND HAVING AN ACETYLATED METHIONINE NH2 TERMINUS
1bbb: A THIRD QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN A AT 1.7-ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
1bij: CROSSLINKED, DEOXY HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN A
1buw: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF S-NITROSO-NITROSYL HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN A
1bz0: HEMOGLOBIN A (HUMAN, DEOXY, HIGH SALT)
1bz1: HEMOGLOBIN (ALPHA + MET) VARIANT
1bzz: HEMOGLOBIN (ALPHA V1M) MUTANT
1c7b: DEOXY RHB1.0 (RECOMBINANT HEMOGLOBIN)
1c7c: DEOXY RHB1.1 (RECOMBINANT HEMOGLOBIN)
1c7d: DEOXY RHB1.2 (RECOMBINANT HEMOGLOBIN)
1cbl: THE 1.9 ANGSTROM STRUCTURE OF DEOXY-BETA4 HEMOGLOBIN: ANALYSIS OF THE PARTITIONING OF QUATERNARY-ASSOCIATED AND LIGAND-INDUCED CHANGES IN TERTIARY STRUCTURE
1cbm: THE 1.8 ANGSTROM STRUCTURE OF CARBONMONOXY-BETA4 HEMOGLOBIN: ANALYSIS OF A HOMOTETRAMER WITH THE R QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF LIGANDED ALPHA2BETA2 HEMOGLOBIN
1cls: CROSS-LINKED HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN DEOXY
1cmy: THE MUTATION BETA99 ASP-TYR STABILIZES Y-A NEW, COMPOSITE QUATERNARY STATE OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
1coh: STRUCTURE OF HAEMOGLOBIN IN THE DEOXY QUATERNARY STATE WITH LIGAND BOUND AT THE ALPHA HAEMS
1dke: NI BETA HEME HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
1dxt: HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY STUDY OF DEOXY RECOMBINANT HUMAN HEMOGLOBINS SYNTHESIZED FROM BETA-GLOBINS HAVING MUTATED AMINO TERMINI
1dxu: HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY STUDY OF DEOXY RECOMBINANT HUMAN HEMOGLOBINS SYNTHESIZED FROM BETA-GLOBINS HAVING MUTATED AMINO TERMINI
1dxv: HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY STUDY OF DEOXY RECOMBINANT HUMAN HEMOGLOBINS SYNTHESIZED FROM BETA-GLOBINS HAVING MUTATED AMINO TERMINI
1fn3: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF NICKEL RECONSTITUTED HEMOGLOBIN-A CASE FOR PERMANENT, T-STATE HEMOGLOBIN
1g9v: HIGH RESOLUTION CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DEOXY HEMOGLOBIN COMPLEXED WITH A POTENT ALLOSTERIC EFFECTOR
1gbu: DEOXY (BETA-(C93A,C112G)) HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
1gbv: (ALPHA-OXY, BETA-(C112G)DEOXY) T-STATE HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
1gli: DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN T38W (ALPHA CHAINS), V1G (ALPHA AND BETA CHAINS)
1gzx: OXY T STATE HAEMOGLOBIN: OXYGEN BOUND AT ALL FOUR HAEMS
1hab: CROSSLINKED HAEMOGLOBIN
1hac: CROSSLINKED HAEMOGLOBIN
1hba: HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY STUDY OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN ROTHSCHILD 37BETA TRP-> ARG: A MUTATION THAT CREATES AN INTERSUBUNIT CHLORIDE-BINDING SITE
1hbb: HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY STUDY OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN ROTHSCHILD 37BETA TRP-> ARG: A MUTATION THAT CREATES AN INTERSUBUNIT CHLORIDE-BINDING SITE
1hbs: REFINED CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN S. I. RESTRAINED LEAST-SQUARES REFINEMENT AT 3.0-ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
1hco: THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CARBONMONOXY HAEMOGLOBIN AT 2.7 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
1hdb: ANALYSIS OF THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, MOLECULAR MODELING AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF THE DISTAL BETA-HEME POCKET VALINE67(E11)-THREONINE MUTATION OF HEMOGLOBIN
1hga: HIGH RESOLUTION CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND COMPARISONS OF T STATE DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AND TWO LIGANDED T-STATE HAEMOGLOBINS: T(ALPHA-OXY)HAEMOGLOBIN AND T(MET)HAEMOGLOBIN
1hgb: HIGH RESOLUTION CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND COMPARISONS OF T STATE DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AND TWO LIGANDED T-STATE HAEMOGLOBINS: T(ALPHA-OXY)HAEMOGLOBIN AND T(MET)HAEMOGLOBIN
1hgc: HIGH RESOLUTION CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND COMPARISONS OF T STATE DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AND TWO LIGANDED T-STATE HAEMOGLOBINS: T(ALPHA-OXY)HAEMOGLOBIN AND T(MET)HAEMOGLOBIN
1hho: STRUCTURE OF HUMAN OXYHAEMOGLOBIN AT 2.1 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
1ird: Crystal Structure of Human Carbonmonoxy-Haemoglobin at 1.25 A Resolution
1j3y: Direct observation of photolysis-induced tertiary structural changes in human hemoglobin; Crystal structure of alpha(Fe)-beta(Ni) hemoglobin (laser photolysed)
1j3z: Direct observation of photolysis-induced tertiary structural changes in human haemoglobin; Crystal structure of alpha(Fe-CO)-beta(Ni) hemoglobin (laser unphotolysed)
1j40: Direct observation of photolysis-induced tertiary structural changes in human haemoglobin; Crystal structure of alpha(Ni)-beta(Fe-CO) hemoglobin (laser unphotolysed)
1j41: Direct observation of photolysis-induced tertiary structural changes in human haemoglobin; Crystal structure of alpha(Ni)-beta(Fe) hemoglobin (laser photolysed)
1j7s: Crystal Structure of deoxy HbalphaYQ, a mutant of HbA
1j7w: Crystal structure of deoxy HbbetaYQ, a site directed mutant of HbA
1j7y: Crystal structure of partially ligated mutant of HbA
1jy7: THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN METHEMOGLOBIN. THE VARIATION OF A THEME
1k0y: X-ray Crystallographic Analyses of Symmetrical Allosteric Effectors of Hemoglobin. Compounds Designed to Link Primary and Secondary Binding Sites
1k1k: Structure of Mutant Human Carbonmonoxyhemoglobin C (beta E6K) at 2.0 Angstrom Resolution in Phosphate Buffer.
1kd2: Crystal Structure of Human Deoxyhemoglobin in Absence of Any Anions
1lfl: DEOXY HEMOGLOBIN (90% RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
1lfq: OXY HEMOGLOBIN (93% RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
1lft: OXY HEMOGLOBIN (90% RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
1lfv: OXY HEMOGLOBIN (88% RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
1lfy: OXY HEMOGLOBIN (84% RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
1lfz: OXY HEMOGLOBIN (25% METHANOL)
1ljw: Crystal Structure of Human Carbonmonoxy Hemoglobin at 2.16 A: A Snapshot of the Allosteric Transition
1m9p: Crystalline Human Carbonmonoxy Hemoglobin C Exhibits The R2 Quaternary State at Neutral pH In The Presence of Polyethylene Glycol: The 2.1 Angstrom Resolution Crystal Structure
1mko: A Fourth Quaternary Structure of Human Hemoglobin A at 2.18 A Resolution
1nej: Crystalline Human Carbonmonoxy Hemoglobin S (Liganded Sickle Cell Hemoglobin) Exhibits The R2 Quaternary State At Neutral pH In The Presence Of Polyethylene Glycol: The 2.1 Angstrom Resolution Crystal Structure
1nih: Structure of deoxy-quaternary haemoglobin with liganded beta subunits
1nqp: Crystal structure of Human hemoglobin E at 1.73 A resolution
1o1i: Cyanomet hemoglobin (A-GLY-C:V1M,L29F,H58Q; B,D:V1M,L106W)
1o1j: Deoxy hemoglobin (A-GLY-C:V1M,L29F,H58Q; B,D:V1M,L106W)
1o1k: Deoxy hemoglobin (A,C:V1M; B,D:V1M,V67W)
1o1l: Deoxy hemoglobin (A-GLY-C:V1M,L29W,H58Q; B,D:V1M)
1o1m: Deoxy hemoglobin (A-GLYGLYGLY-C:V1M,L29F,H58Q B,D:V1M,V67W)
1o1n: Deoxy hemoglobin (A-GLYGLYGLY-C:V1M,L29W; B,D:V1M)
1o1o: Deoxy hemoglobin (A,C:V1M,V62L; B,D:V1M,V67L)
1o1p: Deoxy hemoglobin (A-GLY-C:V1M; B,D:V1M,C93A,N108K)
1qi8: DEOXYGENATED STRUCTURE OF A DISTAL POCKET HEMOGLOBIN MUTANT
1qsh: MAGNESIUM(II)-AND ZINC(II)-PROTOPORPHYRIN IX'S STABILIZE THE LOWEST OXYGEN AFFINITY STATE OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN EVEN MORE STRONGLY THAN DEOXYHEME
1qsi: MAGNESIUM(II)-AND ZINC(II)-PROTOPORPHYRIN IX'S STABILIZE THE LOWEST OXYGEN AFFINITY STATE OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN EVEN MORE STRONGLY THAN DEOXYHEME
1qxd: Structural Basis for the Potent Antisickling Effect of a Novel Class of 5-Membered Heterocyclic Aldehydic Compounds
1qxe: Structural Basis for the Potent Antisickling Effect of a Novel Class of 5-Membered Heterocyclic Aldehydic Compounds
1r1x: Crystal structure of oxy-human hemoglobin Bassett at 2.15 angstrom
1r1y: Crystal structure of deoxy-human hemoglobin Bassett at 1.8 angstrom
1rps: Crystallographic Analysis of the Interaction of Nitric Oxide with Quaternary-T Human Hemoglobin. Hemoglobin exposed to NO under anerobic conditions
1rq3: Crystallographic Analysis of the Interaction of Nitric Oxide with Quaternary-T Human Deoxyhemoglobin, Deoxyhemoglobin
1rq4: Crystallographic Analysis of the Interaction of Nitric Oxide with Quaternary-T Human Hemoglobin, HEMOGLOBIN EXPOSED TO NO UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS
1rqa: Crystallographic Analysis of the Interaction of Nitric Oxide with Quaternary-T Human Hemoglobin. Beta W73E hemoglobin exposed to NO under anaerobic conditions
1rvw: R STATE HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN [ALPHA V96W], CARBONMONOXY
1sdk: CROSS-LINKED, CARBONMONOXY HEMOGLOBIN A
1sdl: CROSS-LINKED, CARBONMONOXY HEMOGLOBIN A
1shr: Crystal structure of ferrocyanide bound human hemoglobin A2 at 1.88A resolution
1si4: Crystal structure of Human hemoglobin A2 (in R2 state) at 2.2 A resolution
1thb: REFINEMENT OF A PARTIALLY OXYGENATED T STATE HAEMOGLOBIN AT 1.5 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
1uiw: Crystal Structures of Unliganded and Half-Liganded Human Hemoglobin Derivatives Cross-Linked between Lys 82beta1 and Lys 82beta2
1vwt: T STATE HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN [ALPHA V96W], ALPHA AQUOMET, BETA DEOXY
1xxt: The T-to-T High Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: wild-type deoxy Hb A (low salt, one test set)
1xy0: T-to-THigh Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaK40G deoxy low-salt
1xye: T-to-THigh Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alpha Y42A deoxy low salt
1xz2: wild-type hemoglobin deoxy no-salt
1xz4: Intersubunit Interactions Associated with Tyr42alpha Stabilize the Quaternary-T Tetramer but are not Major Quaternary Constraints in Deoxyhemoglobin: alphaY42A deoxyhemoglobin no-salt
1xz5: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaL91A deoxy low-salt
1xz7: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaR92A deoxy low-salt
1xzu: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaD94G deoxy low-salt
1xzv: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaP95A deoxy low-salt
1y09: T-to-T(High) Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaN97A deoxy low-salt
1y0a: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaY140A deoxy low-salt
1y0c: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: alphaY140F deoxy low-salt
1y0d: T-to-THigh Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: desArg141alpha deoxy low-salt
1y0t: T-to-T(High) Quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: betaV1M deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y0w: T-to-THigh quaternary Transitions in Human Hemoglobin: betaV1M deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y22: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaV33A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y2z: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaV34G deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y31: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaY35A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y35: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaY35F deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y45: T-To-T(high) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaP36A deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y46: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37Y deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y4b: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37H deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y4f: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37A deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y4g: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37G deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y4p: T-To-T(high) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37E deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y4q: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaF42A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y4r: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaF45A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y4v: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaC93A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y5f: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaL96A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y5j: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaH97A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y5k: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaD99A deoxy low-salt (10 test sets)
1y7c: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaP100A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y7d: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaP100G deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y7g: T-To-T(high) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaN102A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y7z: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaN108A deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y83: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaY145G deoxy low-salt (1 test set)
1y85: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: desHIS146beta deoxy low-salt
1y8w: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: alphaR92A oxy (2mM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1ydz: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: alphaY140F oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1ye0: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaV33A oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1ye1: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaY35A oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1ye2: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaY35F oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1yen: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaP36A oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1yeo: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37A OXY (10 test sets)
1yeq: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37Y OXY (10 test sets)
1yeu: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37G OXY (10 test sets)
1yev: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37E OXY (10 test sets)
1yff: STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CARBONMONOXYHEMOGLOBIN C (BETA E6K): TWO QUATERNARY STATES (R2 and R3) IN ONE CRYSTAL
1yg5: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37H OXY (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1ygd: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37E alpha zinc beta oxy (10 TEST SETS)
1ygf: T-to-T(high) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaH97A oxy (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1yh9: T-to-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: HbA OXY (2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1yhe: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: HbA OXY (5.0MM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1yhr: T-To-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: HbA OXY (10.0MM IHP, 20% PEG) (10 test sets)
1yie: T-to-thigh quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaW37A oxy (2.2MM IHP, 13% PEG) (1 test set)
1yih: T-to-T(High) quaternary transitions in human hemoglobin: betaP100A oxy (2.2MM IHP, 20% PEG) (1 test set)
1yvq: The low salt (PEG) crystal structure of CO Hemoglobin E (betaE26K) approaching physiological pH (pH 7.5)
1yvt: The high salt (phosphate) crystal structure of CO Hemoglobin E (Glu26Lys) at physiological pH (pH 7.35)
1yzi: A novel quaternary structure of human carbonmonoxy hemoglobin
2d5z: Crystal structure of T-state human hemoglobin complexed with three L35 molecules
2d60: Crystal structure of deoxy human hemoglobin complexed with two L35 molecules
2dn1: 1.25A resolution crystal structure of human hemoglobin in the oxy form
2dn2: 1.25A resolution crystal structure of human hemoglobin in the deoxy form
2dn3: 1.25A resolution crystal structure of human hemoglobin in the carbonmonoxy form
2h35: Solution structure of Human normal adult hemoglobin
2hbc: HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY STRUCTURES OF MYOGLOBIN-AND HEMOGLOBIN-ALKYL ISOCYANIDE COMPLEXES
2hbd: HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY STRUCTURES OF MYOGLOBIN-AND HEMOGLOBIN-ALKYL ISOCYANIDE COMPLEXES
2hbe: HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY STRUCTURES OF MYOGLOBIN-AND HEMOGLOBIN-ALKYL ISOCYANIDE COMPLEXES
2hbf: HIGH RESOLUTION X-RAY STRUCTURES OF MYOGLOBIN-AND HEMOGLOBIN-ALKYL ISOCYANIDE COMPLEXES
2hbs: THE HIGH RESOLUTION CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN S
2hco: THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CARBONMONOXY HAEMOGLOBIN AT 2.7 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
2hhb: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AT 1.74 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
2hhd: OXYGEN AFFINITY MODULATION BY THE N-TERMINI OF THE BETA-CHAINS IN HUMAN AND BOVINE HEMOGLOBIN
2hhe: OXYGEN AFFINITY MODULATION BY THE N-TERMINI OF THE BETA CHAINS IN HUMAN AND BOVINE HEMOGLOBIN
3hhb: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AT 1.74 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
4hhb: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DEOXYHAEMOGLOBIN AT 1.74 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION
6hbw: Crystal structure of deoxy-human hemoglobin beta6 glu->trp

Proteins: hemeproteins

Globins

Hemoglobin

Subunits

Alpha locus on 16:	α HBA1 HBA2 pseudo ζ HBZ θ HBQ1 μ HBM
Beta locus on 11:	β HBB δ HBD γ HBG1 HBG2 ε HBE1

Tetramers

stages of development:

Embryonic	HbE Gower 1 (ζ₂ε₂) HbE Gower 2 (α₂ε₂) HbE Portland I (ζ₂γ₂) HbE Portland II (ζ₂β₂)
Fetal	HbF/Fetal (α₂γ₂) HbA (α₂β₂)
Adult	HbA (α₂β₂) HbA₂ (α₂δ₂) HbF/Fetal (α₂γ₂)

pathology:

HbH (β₄)
Barts (γ₄)
HbS (α₂β^S₂)
HbC (α₂β^C₂)
HbE (α₂β^E₂)

Compounds

Other human

Nonhuman

Chlorocruorin
Erythrocruorin

Other

human:	Myoglobin Metmyoglobin Neuroglobin Cytoglobin
plant:	Leghemoglobin

Other

Cytochrome
- Cytochrome b
- Cytochrome P450
Hemocyanin
Methemalbumin

see also disorders of globin and globulin proteins

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HBD

Function

Clinical significance

See also

References

Further reading