Epratuzumab

Epratuzumab (planned trade name LymphoCide) is a humanized monoclonal antibody. Potential uses may be found in oncology and in treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).[1][2]

Epratuzumab
Monoclonal antibody
TypeWhole antibody
SourceHumanized (from mouse)
TargetCD22
Clinical data
Trade namesLymphoCide
ATC code
  • none
Legal status
Legal status
  • Investigational
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem SID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
  • none
UNII
KEGG
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Clinical trials

A clinical trial for relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has reported initial results.[3]

Results have been published for a phase II trial in untreated follicular lymphoma.[3]

Early results from a phase II trial for Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were encouraging.[3][4]

The manufacturers in August 2009 announced success in early trials against SLE,[5] and started two Phase III clinical trials.
July 2015 : Both phase III trials (EMBODY1/2) for SLE failed to meet their primary endpoint.[6]

Mechanism of action

Epratuzumab binds to the glycoprotein CD22 of mature and malignant B-cells.

Elevated CD22 and other B-cell receptor (BCR) proteins are associated with SLE. "Epratuzumab's mechanism of action transfers these BCR proteins to helper cells called effector cells which reduces B-cell destruction and epratuzumab's impact on the body's immune system"[6] via a process called trogocytosis.[3] (Other SLE therapies destroy B-cells which compromises the immune system.)

References
  1. Epratuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD22: characterization of in vitro properties Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 9, September 1, 2003 free full text
  2. Dose-Fractionated Radioimmunotherapy in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Using DOTA-Conjugated, 90Y-Radiolabeled, Humanized Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody, Epratuzumab Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 11, July 15, 2005 free full text
  3. "Epratuzumab". Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2015-08-01.
  4. Micallef; et al. (2011). "Epratuzumab with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma" (PDF). Blood. 118 (15): 4053–61. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-02-336990. PMC 3204728.
  5. Reuters: UCB and Immunomedics Announce Positive Results for Epratuzumab Phase IIb Study in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
  6. Epratuzumab flunks two Phase 3 studies; Immunomedics plummets 42% premarket. July 28 2015


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