Enrichment culture

Enrichment culture is the use of certain growth media to favor the growth of a particular microorganism over others, enriching a sample for the microorganism of interest. This is generally done by introducing nutrients or environmental conditions that only allow the growth of an organism of interest. Enrichment cultures are used to increase a small number of desired organisms to detectable levels. This allows for the detection and identification of microorganisms with a variety of nutritional needs.[1] Enrichment cultures are often used for soil and fecal samples. [2]

History

The microbiologist (and botanist) Martinus Beijerinck is credited with developing the first enrichment cultures.[3] Sergei Winogradsky also experimented on bacteria using different cultures.[4]

Examples

High salt concentration will select for halophiles. High temperatures will select for thermophiles.

Selenite broth is used to selectively isolate Salmonella species. Alkaline Peptone Water is used for the cultivation of vibrio.[5] Both these examples are clinically relevant for clinical microbiology relating to stool samples.

See also

References
  1. Schlegel, Hans G. (1995). General microbiology (7 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 204–205. ISBN 978-0521439800.
  2. Tortora, Gerard J., Berdell R. Funke, and Christine L. Case. (2014). "Microbioligy: An Introduction" 12e. New York City, New York: Pearson Education. // 161.
  3. Beijerinck, Martinus W. (1901). "Anhaufungsversuche mit Ureumbakterien". Centralblatt f. Bakteriologie, II. 7: 33–61.
  4. Winogradsky, Sergei (1890). "Sur les organismes de la nitrification". Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. 110: 1013–1016.
  5. "Product Center: Alkaline Peptone Water (for Vibrio), 8 mL". Retrieved 28 August 2012.

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

  1. Anderson K, Sallis P, Uyanik S. 2003. Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology. Anaerobic treatment processes. 391–426
  2. Baylis C. 2008. Growth of pure cultures of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia colin a range of enrichment media. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 105(5):1259–1265.
  3. Breidt F, Medina E, Wafa D, Pérez-Díaz I, Franco W, Huang H-Y, Johanningsmeier SD, Kim JH. 2013. Characterization of Cucumber Fermentation Spoilage Bacteria by Enrichment Culture and 16S rDNA Cloning. Journal of Food Science. 78(3).
  4. Chai C, Lee K-S, Lee D, Lee S, Oh S-W. 2015. Non-selective and selective enrichment media for the recovery of Clostridium difficile from chopped beef. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 109:20–24.
  5. Gorski L. 2012. Selective Enrichment Media Bias the Types of Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated from Mixed Strain Cultures and Complex Enrichment Broths. PLoS ONE. 7(4).
  6. Fowler SJ, Gutierrez-Zamora M-L, Manefield M, Gieg LM. 2014. Identification of toluene degraders in a methanogenic enrichment culture. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 89(3):625–636.
  7. Malayil L, Turner J, Mote B, Howe K, Lipp E. 2011. Evaluation of enrichment media for improved PCR-based detection of V. cholerae and V. vulnificus from estuarine water and plankton. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 110(6):1470–1475.
  8. Mo X-C, Chen C-L, Pang H, Feng Y, Feng J-X. 2010. Identification and characterization of a novel xylanase derived from a rice straw degrading enrichment culture. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 87(6):2137–2146.
  9. Moralejo-Gárate H, Kleerebezem R, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos JL, Palmeiro-Sánchez T, Loosdrecht MCV. 2014. Substrate versatility of polyhydroxyalkanoate producing glycerol grown bacterial enrichment culture. Water Research. 66:190–198.
  10. Schlegel HG, Jannasch HW. 1967. Enrichment Cultures. Annual Review of Microbiology. 21(1):49–70.
  11. Vekeman B, Dumolin C, Vos PD, Heylen K. 2017. Improved enrichment culture technique for methane-oxidizing bacteria from marine ecosystems: the effect of adhesion material and gas composition. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 110(2):281–289.
  12. Yan L, Xing W. 2018. Methods to Study Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes. Methods in Microbiology Microbiology of Atypical Environments. 357–386.
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