Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Diuril among others, is an organic compound used as a diuretic and as an antihypertensive.[1]
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Trade names | Diuril, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682341 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, IV |
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Bioavailability | low |
Metabolism | Nil |
Elimination half-life | 45 to 120 minutes |
Excretion | Renal |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.368 |
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Formula | C7H6ClN3O4S2 |
Molar mass | 295.72 g/mol g·mol−1 |
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It is used both within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism than furosemide, and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another.
It was patented in 1956 and approved for medical use in 1958.[2]
Indications
- Large amount of excess fluid including:
Contraindications
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History
The Research team of Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories of Beyer, Sprague, Baer, and Novello created a new series of medications, the thiazide diuretics, which includes chlorothiazide. They won an Albert Lasker Special Award in 1975 for this work.[4]
References
- Ernst, Michael E.; Grimm, Richard H., Jr. "Thiazide diuretics: 50 years and beyond" Current Hypertension Reviews 2008, volume 4(4), pp. 256-265. doi:10.2174/157340208786241264
- Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 456. ISBN 9783527607495.
- "Diuril (Chlorothiazide): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses". RxList. Retrieved 2019-10-07.
- Foundation, Lasker. "Historical Awards - The Lasker Foundation". The Lasker Foundation.