Cefpodoxime

Cefpodoxime is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is active against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides fragilis. Currently, it is only marketed as generic preparations in the US, according to the FDA Orange Book. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and gonorrhea. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.

Cefpodoxime
Clinical data
Trade namesVantin, others
Other namesCefprodoxime proxetil
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa698024
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B1
  • US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
    Routes of
    administration    		Oral
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    Pharmacokinetic data
    Bioavailability50%
    Protein binding21% to 29%
    MetabolismNegligible. Cefpodoxime proxetil is metabolized to cefpodoxime by the liver
    Elimination half-life2 hours
    ExcretionRenal, unchanged
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEBI
    ChEMBL
    CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
    ECHA InfoCard100.210.871
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC15H17N5O6S2
    Molar mass427.458 g/mol g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
     NY (what is this?)  (verify)

    Cefpodoxime inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in cell walls. It has well established pharmacokinetic profile with absorption of 50%. It is indicated in community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

    It was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1989.[1]

    Spectrum of bacterial susceptibility and resistance

    Cefpodoxime has been used to fight pathogenic bacteria responsible for causing gonorrhoea, tonsillitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Representative pathogenic genera include Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.

    • Haemophilus influenzae: ≤0.03 - 1 μg/ml
    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae: 0.004 - 0.06 μg/ml
    • Streptococcus pyogenes: ≤0.004 - 2 μg/ml

    [2]

    Brand name

    Zoetis markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name Simplicef for veterinary use. The dose range in dogs is 5–10 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, once a day. Finecure,[3] India markets the products under trade name Cefpo.[4]

    Vantin (by Pfizer)[5] in suspension or tablet form.

    Toraxim (by Delta Pharma Ltd. Bangladesh)

    Trucef (by Renata Limited, Bangladesh)

    Orelox (by Sanofi-Aventis)[6]

    MAPDOX-CV: Cefpodoxime and Clavulanic acid combination

    MONOTAX O (Cefpodoxime)/ MONOTAX CV (Cefpodoxime and Clavulanic acid combination) (by Zydus Healthcare Ltd.)

    References
    1. Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 495. ISBN 9783527607495.
    2. http://www.toku-e.com/Assets/MIC/Cefpodoxime%20Free%20acid.pdf
    3. "Pharmaceuticals Manufacturer, Marketer, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company India". www.finecurepharma.com. Retrieved 2019-05-26.
    4. "Anti Biotics and Anti Bacterial". Finecurepharmaceuticalsltd. Archived from the original on 2012-03-06. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
    5. "Vantin - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 2019-05-02.
    6. "Orelox - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 2015-11-28.
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