Carterina

Carterina is a genus in the Foraminifera. It is the only known genus of the order Carterinida and family Carterinidae. (Loeblich & Tappan 1964) The type species is Carterina spiculotesta (Carter, 1877) Brady, 1884. The genus is described from specimens gathered during the Challenger expedition's circumnavigation of the Earth from 1872-1876.[2]

Carterina
Scientific classification
(unranked):
SAR
(unranked):
Rhizaria
Phylum:
Granuloreticulosa
Subphylum:
Foraminifera [1]
Class:
Globothalamea
Order:
Carterinida

Loeblich & Tappan, 1981
Family:
Carterinidae

Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
Genus:
Carterina

Brady, 1884

The test (or shell) of Carterina begins as a low, free, umbilicate trochospiral (concavo-convexly coiled with a central depression) in the early growth stage, becoming attached and spreading irregularly in later stages. Chambers become partially subdivided by secondary septa, reaching as many a 15 per chamber in later chambers.(Loeblich & Tappan 1964, 1988) Walls are composed of two sizes of fusiform spicules of low-Mg calcite, larger structural spicules in a ground mass of smaller spicules. The spicules are secreted by the protoplasm, crystallographic c-axes parallel to the elongation, and set parallel to the test surface.

The order and family have the same characteristics as the genus.

Carterina is known from the Eocene of Spain and is widespread in shallow tropical waters in the Holocene, but is unknown from intervening epochs.

Carterina and Carterinidae were previously included in the Geological Society of America's Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology part C. in the Rotaliida as the superfamily Carterinacea. (Loeblich and Tappan 1964)

References
  1. Gupta, Barun K. Sen, ed. (2002). Modern foraminifera (Repr. with corr. ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic. pp. 58–59. ISBN 9781402005985.
  2. http://www.foraminifera.eu/brady.php

Further reading
  • Deutsch, Susan; Lipps, Jere H (1976). "Test Structure of the Foraminifer Carterina". Journal of Paleontology. 50 (2): 312–7. JSTOR 1303500.
  • Hansen, Hans; Grølund, Hans (August 1977). "Carterina: its morphology, structure, and taxonomic position" (PDF). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 26 (1–2): 147–154. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  • Lana, C.C.; Sen Gupta, B.K (February 2, 2001). "Cretaceous Carterina (Foraminifera)". Marine Micropaleontology. 41 (1–2): 97–102. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(00)00050-5.
  • Loeblich, Alfred R.; Tappan, Helen (1964). Moore, R.C. (ed.). Protista 2: Sarcodina Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. C (5th ed.). Geological Society of America. ISBN 978-0-8137-3003-5.
  • Loeblich, Jr, Alfred R.; Tappan, Helen (1988). Foraminiferal genera and their classification. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 9780442259372.
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