Bifidobacterium dentium

Bifidobacterium dentium is a species of bacteria in the genus Bifidobacterium, branched anaerobic bacteria from the Bifidobacteriaceae family.

Bifidobacterium dentium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Actinobacteria
Class:
Actinobacteria
Subclass:
Actinobacteridae
Order:
Bifidobacteriales
Family:
Bifidobacteriaceae
Genus:
Bifidobacterium
Species:
B. dentium
Binomial name
Bifidobacterium dentium
Scardovi and Crociani 1974[1]

B. dentium is a source of anaerobic infections, and is also tracked in polluted water to trace the source of fecal contamination. Scientists have shown that B. dentium can cause tooth decay in humans. Due to its high tolerance of the acidic environments reached by the human mouth (pH 4.5), B. dentium can sustain growth in the oral cavities, cause harm to the teeth, and break down sugars.[2]

B. dentium has been identified by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital as producing a neurotransmitter that may play a role in preventing or treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease.[3]

B. dentium colonizes the intestinal mucus layer, where it has been found to produce acetate. In addition, B. dentium produces the neurotransmitter GABA and other products which regulate intestinal goblet cells. In addition, B. dentium may be involved in the development of mucin. [4]


References
  1. Parte, A.C. "Bifidobacterium". www.bacterio.net.
  2. "The Bifidobacterium Dentium Bd1 Genome Sequence Reflects Its Genetic Adaptation to the Human Oral Cavity." PLOS Genetics:. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 June 2014.
  3. Medical News Today, "Potential Link Between Intestinal Bacteria And Inflammation." 19 JUN 2012. Accessed online June 22, 2012 at http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/246708.php
  4. Engevik, Melinda A.; Luk, Berkley (June 2019). "Bifidobacterium dentium Fortifies the Intestinal Mucus Layer via Autophagy and Calcium Signaling Pathways". Host-Microbe Biology. 10 (3). doi:10.1128/mBio.01087-19.


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