Paenibacillus polymyxa
Paenibacillus polymyxa, also known as Bacillus polymyxa, is a Gram-positive bacterium capable of fixing nitrogen. It is found in soil, plant roots, and marine sediments. History of P. polymyxa and its role as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent in agriculture was reviewed in 2017.[1]
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Bacteria |
Division: | |
Class: | |
Order: | |
Family: | |
Genus: | (Prazmowski 1880) Ash et al. 1994 |
Binomial name | |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
Type strain | |
ATCC 842 CCUG 1086 CFBP 4258 CIP 66.22 DSM 36 HAMBI 635 and 1897 JCM 2507 LMG 13294 NBRC 15309 NCCB 24016 NCTC 10343 NRRL B-4317 VKM B-514 | |
Synonyms | |
Bacillus polymyxa (Prazmowski 1880) Macé 1889 |
Growth conditions
P. polymyxa can be grown in the laboratory on trypticase soy agar medium.
Applications
Agricultural use
P. polymyxa is used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Biofilms of P. polymyxa growing on plant roots have been shown to produce exopolysaccharides which protect the plants from pathogens. The interactions between this bacterial species and plant roots also cause the root hairs to undergo physical changes.[2]
Antibiotics
Some strains of P. polymyxa produce polymyxin antibiotic compounds.[3] Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus produces the antibiotic colistin.[4]
Surfactant complexes isolated from P. polymyxa have been shown to be effective in disrupting biofilms of Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus bovis.[5]
References
- Padda, Kiran Preet; Puri, Akshit; Chanway, Chris P. (2017). Agriculturally Important Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. pp. 165–191. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5343-6_6. ISBN 9789811053429.
- Yegorenkova, Irina V.; Tregubova, Kristina V.; Ignatov, Vladimir V. (12 January 2013). "Paenibacillus polymyxa Rhizobacteria and Their Synthesized Exoglycans in Interaction with Wheat Roots: Colonization and Root Hair Deformation". Current Microbiology. 66 (5): 481–486. doi:10.1007/s00284-012-0297-y. PMID 23314809.
- Shaheen, M; Li, J; Ross, AC; Vederas, JC; Jensen, SE (Dec 23, 2011). "Paenibacillus polymyxa PKB1 produces variants of polymyxin B-type antibiotics". Chemistry & Biology. 18 (12): 1640–8. doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.09.017. PMID 22195566.
- Voort, Peter H. J. van der; Saene, Hendrick K. F. van (2008). Selective Digestive Tract Decontamination in Intensive Care Medicine: a Practical Guide to Controlling Infection. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 82. ISBN 9788847006539.
- Quinn, GA; Maloy, AP; McClean, S; Carney, B; Slater, JW (2012). "Lipopeptide biosurfactants from Paenibacillus polymyxa inhibit single and mixed species biofilms". Biofouling. 28 (10): 1151–66. doi:10.1080/08927014.2012.738292. PMID 23113815.
- ONO, JUNKO; TAKAKI, RYOSABURO; FUKUMA, MICHIO (1977). "Preparation of single cells from pancreatic islets of adult rat by the use of dispase". Endocrinologia Japonica. 24 (3): 265–270. doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.24.265.
- Stenn, Kurt S; Link, Richard; Moellmann, Gisela; Madri, Joseph; Kuklinska, Elizabeth (August 1989). "Dispase, a Neutral Protease From Bacillus Polymyxa, Is a Powerful Fibronectinase and Type IV Collagenase". Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 93 (2): 287–290. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12277593.
External links
- UniProt Taxonomy
- PATRIC: Paenibacillus polymyxa
- Type strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase