4-Fluoromethamphetamine

4-Fluoromethamphetamine (4-FMA) is a stimulant drug related to methamphetamine and 4-fluoroamphetamine. It has been reported to be sold as a designer drug, but little is known about its pharmacology or toxicology.[1] It was first detected from legal highs sold in Japan in 2006 and became illegal to sell or to possess for the purpose of distribution (although not to simply possess for personal use) in Japan in 2008.[2] It was initially reported to be contained as an ingredient in some of the range of party pills sold internationally by the Israeli company Neorganics from around 2006 onwards, but this was later shown to be incorrect and this ingredient was eventually identified as the closely related compound 2-fluoromethamphetamine.[3]

4-Fluoromethamphetamine
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S9 (Prohibited)
  • CA: Schedule I
  • DE: Anlage II (Authorized trade only, not prescriptible)
  • UK: Class A
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ECHA InfoCard100.254.220
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H14FN
Molar mass167.223 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Pharmacology

4-FMA is a CYP450 inhibitor. It reduces the metabolism of methamphetamine, which has the effect of increasing its potency, duration and systemic toxicity while also reducing its cellular toxicity.[4]

Australia

4-FMA is considered a Schedule 9 substance in Australia under the Poisons Standard (October 2015).[5] A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities.[5]

China

As of October 2015 4-FMA is a controlled substance in China.[6]

United States

As a close analog of scheduled controlled substance,[1] sale or possession of 4-FMA could be potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analogue Act.[7]

See also

References
  1. Rösner, P.; Quednow, B.; Girreser, U.; Junge, T. (2005). "Isomeric Fluoro-methoxy-phenylalkylamines: A new series of controlled-substance analogues (designer drugs)". Forensic Science International. 148 (2–3): 143–156. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.05.003. PMID 15639609.
  2. Machiko Nagashima; Takako Seto; Misako Takahashi; Jin Suzuki; Ichirou Yasuda (2006). "Spectrum Data of the 3rd Governor-designated Drugs and the Analyses of Uncontrolled Drugs Purchased" (PDF). Annu. Rep. Tokyo Metr. Inst. Public Health. 57: 109–113. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2007-12-10.
  3. Camilleri, A; Johnston, MR; Brennan, M; Davis, S; Caldicott, DG (2010). "Chemical analysis of four capsules containing the controlled substance analogues 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-fluoromethamphetamine, alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone and N-ethylcathinone". Forensic Science International. 197 (1–3): 59–66. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.048. PMID 20074881.
  4. Cherner, M.; Bousman, C.; Everall, I. A. N.; Barron, D.; Letendre, S.; Vaida, F.; Atkinson, J. H.; Heaton, R.; Grant, I.; Hnrc, G. (2010). "Cytochrome P450-2D6 extensive metabolizers are more vulnerable to methamphetamine-associated neurocognitive impairment: Preliminary findings". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 16 (5): 890–901. doi:10.1017/S1355617710000779. PMC 3543816. PMID 20727252.
  5. Poisons Standard October 2015 https://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015L01534
  6. "关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in Chinese). China Food and Drug Administration. 27 September 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
  7. Erowid Analog Law Vault : Federal Controlled Substance Analogue Act Summary
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